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Answer – thanks to orbital resonance with Europa, the varying tidal forces on Io caused by the eccentricity of its orbit around Jupiter are so strong that Io’s tidal bulges rise and fall by up to 100 m during a single orbit, and also migrate to and fro a little. This distortion generates an immense amount of heat, fuelling the most volcanic body in the Solar System.
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©2017. All rights reserved. The Open University is incorporated by Royal Charter (RC 000391), an exempt charity in England & Wales and a charity registered in Scotland (SC 038302). The Open University is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority in relation to its secondary activity of credit broking.