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When technology is spurned, there is no development

Posted under Technology

The UK needs to get reacquainted with the idea of technology, says Nick Braithwaite in response to Lord Broers' first Reith Lecture.

05 Apr
2005

Broers asks ‘What makes technology significant?’, somewhat offended by a popular poll that placed the bicycle at the peak of Britain’s technological achievements.

The perception of the significance of any particular technological advance inevitably confounds what it is generally perceived to be with the actual facts about what it truly does – many may consider the bicycle as more significant than the transistor because they can see bicycles, whereas they can’t so easily see transistors.

Bicycle spokes [Image: Paul Watson under CC-BY-NC-SA licence] Creative Commons Image PaulWatson via Flickr
Bicycle spokes [Image: Paul Watson under CC-BY-NC-SA licence]

We should also ask what makes people attribute value to any particular technology.

For most of the last thirty five years the Technology Faculty of The Open University has encouraged its students to make critical evaluations of the technology that surrounds us, in terms that distinguish clearly between facts, values and beliefs.

The popular view is perhaps formed mostly from beliefs and values – Broers recognizes the challenge to society when these are not counterbalanced by an appreciation of the facts, though not necessarily by a deep understanding.

Britain has a long and distinguished record in innovation: steam, electricity, transportation and telecommunications are obvious areas where our nation has played a crucial part, not just in the science, but also in the first phase of technology transfer.

It is in the subsequent phases that we find ourselves impeded, seemingly inadequate – apparently there is greater natural appeal (to our genes) in planting the first crops in a newly cleared landscape than in subsequent harvests.

Or, perhaps it is nurture not nature that is to blame: our culture stifles our development teams. There has been a systematic national inadequacy in terms of sustainable need – we simply haven’t had enough need to stay in the game after the first phase. As the pace quickens, this may not remain the case.

Further enquiry calls for an appreciation of how the British economy interacts with social and economic politics.

Technology has always been woven into the development of humankind.

Where it is spurned there is no development. In fact much technology arises in response to the need to fix a problem we ourselves created: our inventions often then lead to consequences unforeseeable in the framework in which they were conceived.

So technology is an inevitable cause and a consequence of development. Broers makes a valid point: as a nation we must begin to re-engage with technology. We ignore it at our peril.

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How disappointing

Archive Comments

For a lecture series that is intended to bring cutting edge thinking to a popular audience by an expert capable of bridging the two, the first Reith lecture in the 2005 certainly failed. I felt the bulk of the gushing encomium to technological wonders always approached the patronising in its simplicity and the central argument, while contentious, is very uninteresting and the speaker contributed no new ideas to the debate. Indeed, I learnt nothing at all, and was provoked to no new consideration of my opinions. I believe younger school children are the only audience who would get something from it. And even then it wouldn't be much.

it COULD have been WAY better.

Archive Comments

disapointing
I agree the man still couldn't get over how great light-bulbs are. Yes they're handy, but boring. The bicycle is a great invention, with very few negative aspects, it is on the whole, JUST a good thing. This is what technology should be. He dismissed the public as fools and went on to bore us with WHY we got it wrong. yeh?

inapropriatly named
That is it's biggest flaw, were it entitled engeneering... i wouldn't have been disapointed.

I WANTED to hear about the internet, artificial intelligence, robotics, genetic modification.

this series seems to ask, "do you think tech will DEFINE us?" of course! it's obvious, it will out-perform and overtake. THAT's exciting. (the part where we're 50/50, that's the interesting bit.) The impact technology will have on society in the future will be ASTOUNDING. no flying cars.

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

This series is indeed a disappointment. This is because its title misrepresents its content. This is not a series of talks about technology. Its subject is, in fact, engineering.

If you re-read the talks and substitute the word ‘engineering’ for ‘technology’ you will find that they make more sense. This is also the case if you look at Andy Lane’s attempt to define technology. For example, Andy concludes that “technology is a profession”, but is technology really a career choice? Is there an Institute of Technology anywhere?

As an ‘encomium to engineering’ the talks have a legitimacy and value, I think. Engineering is peculiarly under valued as a profession in this country compared with the continent or America, for example. The question of why this should be is a a fair if not vital one. So, to the extent that XX addresses and answers this and related questions the lectures are worthwhile.

However, technology itself is more than engineering. All of us are engage daily, if not constantly with technology while few of us practise engineering. Many questions then arise. What is technology? We speak of primitive technology, traditional technology, appropriate technology and modern technology: are these different versions of the same thing or are they essentially distinct? If modern technology is fundamentally different from traditional technology are we as users of this technology also fundamentally different as humans from our ancestors? Does technology determine our future or do we, could we, shape it to help us reach the future we have chosen?

Important questions one might imagine in a world and a time so bound up with technology but they will not be answered by xx. In Britain they are blithely ignored. Engineering isn’t the only discipline not be highly esteemed in this country when compared with abroad. Philosophy in general is held in low regard (as Simon Beaumont noted) and within philosophy itself there is (with few honourable exceptions) no place for philosophy of technology. (It was telling, I thought, that the invited audience didn’t include such a philosopher.) This is not the case in France, Germany, Holland or the States.

So for a lecture series on technology we must still wait. Meanwhile let’s try and appreciate this eulogy to engineering.

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

I think Richard Gault's distinction between engineering and technology is a very valuable contribution to this discussion.
Where descriptors of technology are concerned I think some of them - eg primitive, stone-age, traditional and modern - map out an historical continuum with the degree of sophistication increasing as time moves forward. Other terms such as 'appropriate' have political connotations and require value judgements. 'New' is a particularly interesting one. When I first heard it used, 'new' referred to any recently introduced technology but nowadays it is almost always used to refer to ICT, as in 'new technology-based firm'.

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

To contemplate both sides of technology, as you say, good and bad, is a waste of your efforts in my view. Technology is generally advanced for the good of mankind but there will always be those who use it for 'bad' reasons. Unfortunately that cannot be avoided and should not be used as an excuse to stop advancing. The advantages of technological advancement far outweigh the disadvantages. Even those countries whose governments don't allow or can't afford the full benefits of the advances still benefit from cheaper communications, clean(er) water systems, better medicines, better education systems, etc etc in psite of the fact that technology-based wars are still being fought.

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

Isn't it generaly advanced for someone's material gain?

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

After an initial warm feeling, I tend to share your disappointment.

I might honestly regard myself as cast in the engineering mould - a child of the late fifties, (a disappointed astronaut indeed), twenty or more years as a professional software engineer, my father an EE, my grandfather a railway locomotive engineer.

The reason we harp back to the golden years is that back then it was not in the engineering remit to worry about the social consequences of the work and the role of science and technology in the greater community. We could naievely press on with whatever boyish dream we were seeking to project safe in the knowledge that the world would come with us should we get it to fly.

The real issues facing us today have nothing to do with technical education and everything to do with the most obviously missing part of our curriculum: philosophy - ask any PhD Biologist about Karl Popper and you will no doubt receive a blank look.

This is not the case in France and Germany, (where engineering and science are alive and well apparently), certainly philospophy is a major part of the Bac'. We have some of the best trained technologists in the UK - the majority of whom are incapable of critical or original thought. I wonder if this is where the problem lies. A reduced capacity for reflection in the Anglo-Saxon psyche perhaps?

I leave you with one personal observation from the life of a "cutting edge teechnologist".

Being at a career watershed I recently explored the opportunities that the market could offer for my skills.

Apparently I am worth 100K per year if I travel the world installing background ring tone services for mobile telecomms providers or 25K per year if I work for the Medical Research Council as a scientific programmer! Is this the triumph of technology that was refered to? As they say in the USA, "Go figure..".

The problems we face are not technical ones they are human ones.
Unchallenged materialism is at the heart of all our problems. Technology is just what we do.

I'm off to live in a tub and contemplate. Let's hope the next lecture is slightly more inspiring...

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

Encomium = high commendation (I had to look it up in the dictionary)

Well I was provoked to reflect about 'technology', as Alec Broers interprets it, and also as John Monk interprets it in another thread of this forum.

We are geared up to be inspired by technological advances, but I for one rather too easily dismiss the lessons of past technologies. The steam locomotive, the electronic valve, the vinyl disc, film photography, even 'mercury thermometers under the tongue' have all vanished from the mainstream in my lifetime. Were the potential benefits realised or even recognised (social, economic, political, technical) and might similar opportunities or mistakes arise with the next generations?

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

Thankyou for your reply Nick,
I felt I had to read a transcript to check, as I'd missed the opening, but was unsurprised to see there was the same simplistic attitude expressed. He mentions somewhere that there is no ideal which technology marches towards but it's clear the speaker's views that technology progresses relies upon such enlightenment presumptions.

When I first heard the title, I also heard warning bells and hoped the talk would find some irony in the use of 'triumph', but no. 'Triumph' over what, what has vanquished for its triumphal march in empires capital? Nature? Lesser life? It is such a materialistic viewpoint to say our life is so much better than technologically deprived people.

He also spoke how technology is always for the good of mankind, with the exception of military technology. This was a rather quick dismissal of what after all is the 2nd biggest industry in the world, and where there is the greatest investment in research and development.

Sure technology shapes our lives. We come different things when we become accustomed to using instruments day to day. But only on its own terms and not more general human terms, does this make us better. We can do different things but we are not necessarily going to do better things as technology does not make us any wiser. I'm reminded of Socrates rejection of the technology of writing the speaker so praises, because it makes reader rely on writing instead of their own mind which will suffer from such laziness.

I wouldn't argue that technology is a bad thing, but rather that it is just as dangerous to argue that it is in itself such a great thing as the speaker enthuses. Rather than promoting a still more complete acceptance of it, I rather think it more important to consolidate the situation it has brought us to and reflect more on what technology is doing to us, its good and bad.

cheers,

russell

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

Excellent point, Russell.
Also most of the technological advances in the world, weren't designed for the good of man but to make a better profit!

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

Have the opponents of the proposition considered that but for technology most of them would not be here to ponder the subject. And now to throw into the pool a thought about one particular outstanding benefit of technology - the motor car?
The motor car is he most liberating invention of the last century, enabling ordinary person to enjoy a freedom to travel, hitherto only enjoyed by the rich. The benefits in terms of social mixing, health (larger gene pool) job opportunities, educational opportunities, widening of experience and just simple enjoyment have been immeasurable. I might add that for the athletic, the humble bicycycle also made a contribution to the benefits described.

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

At the moment I am commuting into London on the coach from Oxford in amongst all the motor cars. Not a very liberating experience. And the only social mixing that happens seems to be outbursts of road rage.

However, when I get off the bus I pick up my Vespa scooter to do the last leg to the office. Now that is quite a different story!

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

But Tom it is pretty amazing that you can travel on the bus and communicate with the world at the same time!

Re: How disappointing

Archive Comments

I suppose there's something to be said for being able to post to the web from a coach, though...

or maybe not: there's a double edged leap forward: you can access the web from onboard the X5, but doesn't this mean that a journey which could once be a happy, sleepy, watch the world go by type affair is now an extension of your office?

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Monday, 04th April 2005
Tuesday, 05th April 2005

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• Image 'Bicycle spokes [Image: Paul Watson under CC-BY-NC-SA licence]' - Creative-Commons: PaulWatson via Flickr

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