6 Responding to the challenges of species loss and extinction

It probably feels like there is very little that we as individuals can do directly to help conserve very rare and vulnerable habitats like sub-Arctic willow scrub. Indeed, we may have to accept that, given the predicted levels of anthropogenic climate change, it is very likely that we will lose many species associated with more northerly climates. Some, like the sub-Arctic willow scrub, will continue to exist in the Nordic countries. The future of species like the Scottish crossbill is less certain; further research is required.

What can we do? Together I think we can do a lot. For example:

• we can assist with research through volunteer networks like the UK Phenology Network and the OU's own iSpot biodiversity programme

• we can look at the ways that we manage our own green spaces – private green spaces are a mosaic of habitats that could possibly help species disperse

• you can join the British Trust for Conservation Volunteers and help to restore degraded habitats in your area

• you can take steps to reduce your carbon and ecological footprints.