2 Long vowels and issues with reading and writing

In Week 1 you were introduced to Arabic vowels. In this week you will learn about long vowels in addition to ‘At-Tāʾ al-marbūah and ‘Hamza’, which are also crucial for reading and meaning-making. As a reminder, have a look at the table from the last week:

Table 4 Vowels in Arabic (repeated from Week 1)

Examples in words Examples with independent letters Pronunciation Vowels
عِلْم - حَقِيبَة عِ - قِ I

kasraكَسْرَة

below the letter

لُب - نُمُور لُ - نُ U

ḍammaضمّة

above the letter

جَمَل - ثَعْلَب جَ - ثَ A

Fatḥaفَتْحَة

above the letter

مَفْهُوم - عَمَلْ فْ - لْ indicates the consonant

Sukūnسُكُون

above the letter

Long vowels:

Long vowels in Arabic can appear in three forms:

  1. Fatḥa followed by Alif : ā
  2. Kasra followed by yāʾ: ī
  3. ḍamma followed by wāw: ū

Examples: listen to the following audio and repeat to practice the long vowels in Arabic.

Audio 4

Table 5 Examples of long vowels in Arabic

1 Fatḥa followed by Alif : ā زَرَافَة - خَالد - مَاجِد
2 Kasra followed by yāʾ: ī عَلِيم - جَدِيد - طَبِيب
3 ḍamma followed by wāw: ū خَرُوف - ضُمُور - زُهُور

Activity 2

15 minutes

Which of the following words contain a long vowel?