LXG003_1 Getting started with German 3 About this free course This free course is an adapted extract from the Open University course . This version of the content may include video, images and interactive content that may not be optimised for your device. You can experience this free course as it was originally designed on OpenLearn, the home of free learning from The Open University – There you’ll also be able to track your progress via your activity record, which you can use to demonstrate your learning.

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Photo of the Einkaufspassage Raimundhof in Vienna.

After completing this course, you will be able to: understand German vocabulary for items of clothing and colours express preferences, ask for and give permission, and apologise talk about television programmes use separable verbs in the present tense. This course has been developed from extract parts of LXG003 - Beginners German 1: richtig so!. The Open University has launched a dedicated learning centre called The Open Centre for Languages and Cultures. OpenLearn is supporting this project and is providing extracted units of all courses on The Open Centre in our dedicated Language and Cultures Hub. The Open Centre for Languages and Cultures is the exciting new home for non-accredited language and intercultural communication short courses. You can study a wide range of language and language related subjects with us anywhere in the world, in any time zone, whatever your motivation – leisure, professional development or academic.    It’s the one stop shop for engaging with languages, professional communication and intercultural dialogue.   Our short courses allow us to be agile and responsive to the needs of learners who want to be part of a global society. We offer non-accredited short courses in a range of subjects including modern languages and languages for business and the workplace. We are also leading the way in developing short courses for academic research methods and pre-sessional English with IELTS, which will be available for registration in due course. The Open Centre for Languages and Cultures is an international leader in online language learning and intercultural communications, built on our pioneering pedagogy and research. What makes the Open Centre different? The OU is the leader in online learning and teaching with a heritage of more than 50 years helping students achieve their learning ambitions. The short courses are underpinned by academic rigour and designed by native speakers experienced in producing engaging materials for online learning of languages and cultures. The graduating nature of the courses means that learners can build up their language and skills over time. Learners will also gain a better understanding of the culture(s) associated with the language(s) they study enabling the development of intercultural communication skills. Learners can mix and match the short courses and study more than one course at a time. Once this course is complete you will be directed to OpenLearn’s hub for language content where you will be able to build on your newly found language skills. Now that you’re fully prepared, it’s time to start on Week 1. Week 1: Einkaufen You’ll start this course by focusing on shopping, both online and in store. You’ll learn useful language for shopping, such as items of clothing, colours, and how to ask for help. You’ll also learn how to express preferences, ways of asking for and giving permission, and how to apologise. This OpenLearn course is an adapted extract from the Open University course LXG003 - Beginners German 3: richtig so! Shopping – some people hate it; some people love it. Complete Activity 1 which asks you to consider how you feel about shopping. Activity 1 Have a look at the list of statements below. Do any of these apply to you? Delete the sentences which do not apply and save your response by clicking ‘save’ button at the bottom of this activity. Ich kaufe gern im Internet ein. Ich kaufe gern Geschenke. Ich kaufe gern Bücher. Ich gehe oft einkaufen. Einkaufen ist für mich ganz schrecklich. Ich kaufe gern etwas für mich persönlich. Einkaufen gehen finde ich langweilig. Wenn ich eine neue Stadt besuche, will ich immer einkaufen gehen. Ich freue mich immer, wenn ich einen Einkaufsbummel machen kann. Ich kaufe selten ein. KaDeWe The second largest department store in Europe is the KaDeWe (Kaufhaus des Westens) in Berlin (the largest is Harrods in London). Read the information about the KaDeWe given in German below. Then complete the activity that follows.

Figure 1 KaDeWe in Berlin Photo of the KaDeWe.

Es ist das bekannteste Kaufhaus Deutschlands und mit 60.000 Quadratmetern Verkaufsfläche das größte Warenhaus auf dem europäischen Festland: das Kaufhaus des Westens, kurz KaDeWe. Das Highlight: Die Feinkostabteilung Besonders bekannt und nahezu legendär ist die sechste der insgesamt sieben Etagen: die Feinkostabteilung. Internationale Delikatessen, Torten sowie eine große Auswahl an Weinen und Champagner stehen hier zur Auswahl. Dazu gibt es viele Restaurants und Cafés in der Feinkostabteilung. Sie haben die Auswahl zwischen Burgern, Fisch, typisch Berliner Gerichten, der Austernbar und vielen feinen Spezialitäten. https://www.visitberlin.de/de/kadewe Vokabular bekannt ... famous das Warenhaus ... department store die Verkaufsfläche ... sales area das Festland ... mainland die Feinkostabteilung ... delicatessen department die Auswahl ... selection Austern (f. pl.) ... oysters das Gericht... dish Activity 2 Part 1 This activity is not available in this format Part 2 Select all the correct statements about the Feinkostabteilung. KaDeWe does not sell burgers. You can buy wine and Champagne. You can buy international specialities as well as typical Berlin dishes. It is on the fourth floor. They sell cakes. There are no restaurants on this floor. The correct statements are: You can buy wine and champagne. You can buy international specialities as well as typical Berlin dishes. They sell cakes. Part 3 This activity is not available in this format Now have a go at Activity 3, which looks more specifically at clothes shopping. Activity 3 Part 1 This activity is not available in this format Part 2 Listen to the recording, which introduces some phrases you might use when shopping. Then answer the questions that follow based on the recording. Hören Sie. Kunde Entschuldigung, können Sie mir bitte helfen? Verkäuferin Ja, selbstverständlich. Was kann ich für Sie tun? Kunde Ich suche einen Pullover für meine Frau. Verkäuferin Ja, welche Größe? Kunde Größe 42. Verkäuferin Und welche Farbe möchten Sie? Kunde Ich mag dezente Farben, Schwarz, Grau, Braun und Blau. Verkäuferin Sehen Sie sich diese drei Pullover an. Welcher gefällt Ihnen, der schwarze, der braune oder der blaue? Kunde Ich glaube, ich mag diesen Pullover, den braunen. Was kostet er? Verkäuferin Er kostet 125 Euro. Kunde Okay, ich nehme ihn. Verkäuferin Soll ich den Pullover als Geschenk einpacken? Kunde Oh ja, gern. Danke schön. Select all the expressions you heard in the recording. Entschuldigung, können Sie mir bitte helfen? Kann ich Ihnen helfen? Ich suche die Damenmodeabteilung. Haben Sie Socken? Welche Größe? Größe 24 Welche Farbe möchten Sie? Soll ich den Pullover als Geschenk einpacken? The correct statements are: Entschuldigung, können Sie mir bitte helfen? Welche Größe? Welche Farbe möchten Sie? Soll ich den Pullover als Geschenk einpacken? Select the correct answers: Wer spricht? ein Kunde und eine Verkäuferin zwei Kunden  zwei Verkäufer  The correct answer is ein Kunde und eine Verkäuferin.     Was will der Mann kaufen? einen Anzug  einen Pullover  einen Schal  The correct answer is einen Pullover. Was kostet er? 1 025€ 152€  125€ The correct answer is 125€. Key phrases for buying clothes Entschuldigung, können Sie mir helfen?   Excuse me, can you help me? Kann ich Ihnen helfen?   Can I help you? Welche Größe?   What size? Welche Farbe?   What colour? Soll ich das als Geschenk einpacken?   Shall I gift-wrap it? Ich möchte …   I’d like … Ich brauche …   I need … You can practise the pronunciation of these phrases with this recording. Entschuldigung, können Sie mir helfen? Kann ich Ihnen helfen? Welche Größe? Welche Farbe? Soll ich das als Geschenk einpacken? Ich brauche … Ich möchte … Activity 4 Listen to the recording and select the right answer to the questions. Verkäuferin    Bitte schön. Kundin    Entschuldigung, darf ich die Hose anprobieren? Verkäuferin    Aber sicher. Sie können sie hier anprobieren. Kundin    Danke. … Kann ich bitte eine andere Größe haben? Verkäuferin    Ja, sicher. Ich hole sie. Sie brauchen die Hose nicht zu suchen. Kundin    Danke. Die passt gut. Die nehme ich. Ich möchte gerne zwei Hosen, aber ich kann leider nur eine Hose kaufen. Die Kundin sucht eine Hose.   eine Strumpfhose. ein Hemd. The correct answer is eine Hose. Sie darf die Hose anprobieren. darf die Hose nicht anprobieren. The correct answer is Sie darf die Hose anprobieren. Sie kauft eine Jacke. eine Hose. zwei Hosen.  The correct answer is eine Hose. To ask permission you can use darf ich …? (may I …?) Darf ich die Hose anprobieren?   May I try on the trousers? To give permission, you can say: Ja, das dürfen Sie.   Yes, you may. To refuse permission, you can say: Nein, das darf man nicht.   No, you may not. or Nein, das dürfen Sie nicht or to a child, close friend or relative: Nein, das darfst du nicht. One would not have expected a customer to be refused permission to try clothes on, but during the COVID-19 pandemic you may have heard: Leider darf man im Moment wegen COVID-19 die Kleider nicht anprobieren.    Unfortunately, you are not allowed to try clothes on at the moment because of COVID-19. Notice that using man darf nicht here sounds politer than Das dürfen Sie nicht, but both are correct. To say that you don’t need to do something you can use brauchen. Sie brauchen die Hose nicht zu suchen.   You don’t need to look for the trousers. Sie brauchen nicht zu warten.    You don’t need to wait. Activity 5 Part 1 This activity is not available in this format Part 2 Practise asking to try these items on. Repeat the phrase a few times, then record yourself and play it back to listen to your pronunciation. Beispiel

A green dress.

You say: Entschuldigung, darf ich das Kleid anprobieren? This activity is not available in this format This activity is not available in this format This activity is not available in this format This activity is not available in this format This activity is not available in this format Many expressions used to describe colour are similar in English and German. Vokabular die Farbe … colour rosa… pink gelb… yellow grün… green orange… orange schwarz… black rot… red grau… grey blau… blue Saying what you like Mir gefällt… and ich mag... are two ways of saying I like… Mir gefällt … am besten and Ich mag am liebsten... are two ways of saying I like best. To say what your favourite is, you use the prefix Lieblings- Meine Lieblingsfarbe ist grau. Mein Lieblingsbier ist Bitburger. Activity 6 Part 1 Listen to the store announcements in the audio clip, then select the correct colour and discount for each item of clothing using the drop-downs given. Liebe Kunden und Kundinnen – hier sind unsere Tagesangebote: Sommerrock – mit Blumen in Rosa nur 25 Euro Greifen Sie zu – solange der Vorrat reicht. Neu eingetroffen sind unsere Damenmäntel in Grün nur 89 Euro Und hier noch ein paar Restposten vom Winter: Schals aus 100% Wolle in Gelb nur 99 Cent Braune Lederhandschuhe nur 6,99 Euro Wie immer – solange der Vorrat reicht. Und hier noch ein paar günstige Ideen zum Vatertag: Socken, in Schwarz, je Paar nur 1,99 Euro Seidenkrawatten in Orange nur 11 Euro Vergessen Sie nicht in der Herrenabteilung vorbeizuschauen. Nur für einen Tag gibt es heute 20% Rabatt auf alle lilafarbenen Jacken. Greifen Sie zu! Auch an unsere Kinder haben wir gedacht. Unser top-Angebot heute ist: T-Shirts, bunt und mit verschiedenen Motiven, zwischen 4,99 und 6,99 Euro. Wie immer – solange der Vorrat reicht. Wir wünschen Ihnen noch einen schönen Tag und viel Spaß beim Einkaufen. This activity is not available in this format Part 2 Write a few sentences about the colours you like, including your favourite colour. Try to make your language as varied as possible. Here is a sample answer: Ich mag gern Lila. Blau und Grau mag ich auch gern, aber meine Lieblingsfarbe ist Rot. Most shopping websites are available globally, so you can find most of the ones you use at home – from Amazon to Etsy – in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The exception to this is UK online supermarkets. Watch the video below and then have a go at Activity 7 that follows. Hallo. Mein Name ist Caroline, and I’m going to be talking you through certain parts of this course using videos just like this one. Unser Thema ist online shopping, and this is the website of Shöpping Punkt at. Shopping doesn’t normally have an Umlaut, but it does here because, as you can see in the logo, it wants to look like the beginning of the word Österreich, to emphasize that its Austrian. And it also has the red and white coloured stripes of the Austrian flag. You can see the Austrian flag here, rot, weiẞ, rot, and it says ‘Nur österreichische Händler’, it’s Regional. This doesn’t mean that they only sell products made in Austria, they sell a huge wide range of all sorts of things, as we’ll see in a bit. But it does mean they only use Austrian traders, so only Austrian sellers. Its run by the Austrian Post Office, so it’s delivered by post, ‘Immer Lieferung mit der Post’. But they will deliver to your local post office if you’d rather it wasn’t sent to your home. And its reliable, ‘Zuverlässig’. And the last important thing about it here is that it is ‘Umweltbewusst’, that means environmentally aware. ‘CO₂ - neutral Zustellung’. Zustellung is another word for delivery, a much more formal, official word. So, I hope you’re enjoying the slides as I talk through the small print! A couple of important words, although I’m sure you all recognise a search box when you see it, but it has the words ‘Ich suche’, I’m looking for at the beginning of it, so I’m sure that’s more useful for your German than your online shopping. Useful for online shopping is the word Gutschein, which means a voucher. So here you have the chance of a fünf Euro Gutschein, which is better than nothing I suppose. And I think that’s probably it for the home page. You can see there’s a big menu here at the top, with lots of English words, it’s increasingly the case in German. So ‘info and service’ and ‘Sale’, and I'm going to go to ‘(buy a tablet). And the reason I’ve done that is it gives you a small selection of the kinds of what they sell. They sell pretty much everything, they aim to be an online Marktplatz, online marketplace. So, they have tablets and the stuff that’s in the sale like ‘Küchenkleingeräte’, so ‘Küchenkleingeräte’, small kitchen appliances, or kitchen small appliances. And you can see that you can save yourself zehn Euro. Same with smartwatches. ‘TV Geräte’, ‘Schutz und Hygiene’, there’s a big discount there, bis zu fünfundvierzig Prozent, and ‘Smartphones’ just zehn Euro. So, I’m going to go to ‘Tablets’. And you can see again there is a ‘Gutscheincode: TAB10’, and lots of expensive tablets. So, I’m going to look at this one, this is the iPad Pro, and the main thing is to try and get it in to my shopping basket. But actually, there is one there already, because I have attempted to record this several times, but my dogs keep barking. So, there we are, this is left in here from the last time I was attempting to buy one, (not really). So, let’s just get rid of that. Well I’m in the Warenkorb now. So, we can see who sells it, and we can see what it is. Interestingly, it’s got English measurements, I guess English-American measurements. So, there we are. I’ve got one iPad in my basket, im Warenkorb, and I’m going to go the Kassa. Now notice the way Kassa is spelt here, because this is the Austrian version, ending in an ‘A’, zur Kassa, normally it would end with an ‘E’, zur Kasse. So, I’m going to do this. But then I’m not going to go any further because I really don’t want to buy myself, I would like to, but I’m not going to at the moment buy myself an expensive iPad. And anyway, they wouldn’t deliver it because I don’t live in Austria. So, if you were trying to buy some online, you’ve got ‘Anmelden’, which is to log in if you’re already a member. Or you can be a ‘Gast’ or ‘Registrieren’. And then everything will be pretty much the same as when you order on English websites, English language websites.

Activity 7 Read the information adapted from the shopping.at website and then answer the questions below. shöpping.at, das ist der Online-Marktplatz der Österreichischen Post AG. Unser Ziel ist es, zusammen mit Ihnen und unseren Händlern, den Online-Handel rot-weiß-rot mitzugestalten, und das mit gutem Gewissen. Auf shöpping.at einzukaufen heißt nur bei den besten österreichischen Händlern zu shoppen. Und Sie müssen bei uns weder auf internationale Marken und Produkte, noch auf österreichische Originale verzichten. Ihre Vorteile bei shöpping.at: Versandkostenfrei einkaufen schon ab EUR 33,- Gefällt nicht? Gibt es nicht: Bis zu 30 Tage  kostenloser Rückversand und einfache Handhabung der Rücksendungen Und natürlich: Umfangreiche Liefer- und Zustelloptionen mit der Österreichischen Post AG Adapted from www.shopping.at [Accessed 20/07/20] Vokabular der Handel ... trade Händler (m. pl.) traders das Ziel ... goal die Marke ... brand Look at the shöpping.at logo. Shopping does not normally have an umlaut. Why does it have one here? Why is it red and white? The ö is to make it match Österreich. The red and white stripes are to match the Austrian flag.

Austrian flag.

Select all the true statements about shöpping.at It is run by the Austrian post office. They only sell goods made in Austria. They sell international products and products made in Austria. Postage is free for orders over EUR 33,– Items are delivered by post. There are many delivery options. You can return goods at no cost for up to 3 months. All statements are correct, except: They only sell goods made in Austria. (They only sell goods from Austrian traders, but the products can be from anywhere) You can return goods at no cost for up to 3 months. (You can return goods at no cost for up to 30 days). There are different ways to apologise in German. When approaching someone with a request, you could start with Entschuldigen Sie bitte (Excuse me): Entschuldigen Sie bitte, können Sie mir helfen? To express regret, you can say (Es) tut mir leid (I’m sorry) or leider (unfortunately): Tut mir leid, die Hose haben wir nicht in Ihrer Größe. Diesen Pullover haben wir leider nicht in Blau. To apologise, you can use Verzeihung (I beg your pardon): Verzeihung, ich habe mich geirrt I beg your pardon, I was wrong. Entschuldigung could be used in all three situations shown above. Activity 8 All the sentences below could start with Entschuldigung. Select those which could also start with Es tut mir leid. Entschuldigung, ist hier ein Platz frei? Entschuldigung, diesen Wein haben wir nicht mehr. Entschuldigung, ich habe heute keine Zeit. Entschuldigung, ich suche die Nikolaikirche. Entschuldigung, können Sie mir helfen? The correct answers are Entschuldigung, diesen Wein haben wir nicht mehr. Entschuldigung, ich habe heute keine Zeit In both cases, the speaker is expressing regret. Week 2: Ich sehe gern …

A man, a woman and two children sitting on a sofa laughing. The man has the remote control.

This week you will learn how to talk about television programmes and statistics, and express your personal preferences. You will also learn how to use separable verbs. Start by watching the video Statistik zum Medienkonsum in Deutschland. Hallo! Mein Name ist Caroline, and my task here is to talk you through some of the key aspects of these courses.  So, we begin with Statistik: Statistik zum Thema Medienkonsum in Deutschland.  And here we have a, eine Grafik. It’s from Statista, which is a national statistical organisation in Germany, it’s the equivalent of our Office for National Statistics. So, what you’re looking at here is a genuine authentic material, its not been made easy for you in any way. So, yeah, it’s the real thing. So, let’s look first of all at the axes. So, here, we’ve got ‘Tägliche Sehdauer in Minuten’ [y-axis]. Seh is from the word sehen, and dauer means duration, so it’s the daily duration of television watching in minutes. And it is ‘Durchschnittliche tägliche Fernsehdauer’. Durch schnittlich means average, tägliche means daily, and Fernsehdauer (television watching duration), ‘in den Jahren 1997 bis 2019’, and the unit is Minuten. Okay, so you can see along the bottom we’ve got the years, and up the side we’ve got the number of minutes. You can see in this bar chart that this goes up and down slightly, slightly but not a huge amount. And you can possibly also see that the overall trend is up, it never goes back down as low as it starts off. And I’ve put one piece of information here: Man sieht heute mehr fern als 1997. So, key words: mehr and als. Because one of the things we’re going to be doing here is all to do with comparisons. So, mehr als is more than. And you will also see that we are using, for fernsehen we are using these separable verbs. Fernsehen means to watch TV. It literally means to look far, so look into the distance, or see things that are happening far away. So fernsehen is actually a nice word for watching television, you see what’s going on all over the world in your little box or on your tablet.  Okay, so now I’m going to introduce some more key phrases. 2019 sah man weniger fern als 2018. So, mehr als and the opposite is weniger als. And you can see, 2019: zweihundertelf Minuten. On 2018, zweihundertsiebzehn Minuten. Least of all: am wenigsten.  Im Jahr 1997 sah man am wenigsten fern. Am wenigsten is the adverb meaning ‘least’. Der Fernsehkonsum war am niedrigsten im Jahr 1997, which is another way of saying the phrase you’ve got above: Im Jahr 1997 sah man am wenigsten fern. Im Jahr 2011 sah man am meisten fern. That was the year in which people watched the most television. So, zweihundertelf hier und zweihundertfünfundzwanzig Fernsehminuten. And you can see it never gets as low as it does im Jahr 1997: einhundertdreiundachtzig Fernsehminuten.  Now we just have a list of the key phrases with examples. Also, auf Deutsch, auf Englisch und Beispiele. Ich lese wegen der Aussprache. Mehr als [more than]: Man sieht heute mehr fern als 1997. Am meisten [most]: Im Jahr 2011 sah man am meisten fern. Am wenigsten [least]: Im Jahr 1997 sah man am wenigsten fern. Am niedrigsten [lowest]: Der Fersehkonsum war am niedrigsten im Jahr 1997. Am höchsten [highest]: Der Fernsehkonsum war am höchsten im Jahr 2011. Beliebter als [more popular than]. We’ll practise this late in the next slide. More popular than: Sportsendungen sind beliebter als Abenteuerfilme. Now I don’t know if I can go back, yes I can, okay. So Sportsendungen sind beliebter als Abenteuerfilme. But that is not something actually shown in the graph, so we can’t do that. But I think you can see that what is in the language is reflected in the graph. And so the big question everyone wants to ask about statistics is why. Why, warum? Its interesting that Fernsehkonsum is going down, that’s something you might like to think about. In fact it’s one of the future activities you will do later on in this week’s study. I think it might be to do with what we’re going to see next.  Here we have ‘Durchschnittliche tgliche Nutzsungsdauer ausgewählter Medien in Deutschland im Jahr 2019’. Again, it’s in Minuten. So, this is the same principle, same units used, minutes, but its now not just fernsehen. So we now have: Fernsehen; Internet; Radio; Messenger; Telefonie; E-Mails; Musik; Games; Buch; Print; SMS (that’s text), DVD; und Kino. So, one of the things you can see there is the extent to which English is used. There is a German word, Spiele, but they’ve also used ‘games’. ‘Print’, again, is an English word. And I just wanted to go over the key language here. Durchschnittliche: we had that in the previous, first slide. It means average, and the word means ‘cut through the middle’. Durch is through, schnitt is a cut, so that’s exactly what an average is, it’s a cut through the middle of the numbers, finding the middle number. Tägliche we’ve used probably I think quite a lot, that’s ‘daily’. And then Dauer, ‘duration’. And in the first one we had I think Sehdauer, here we have Nutzungsdauer, which is use, Nutzung means use, so use of all these media. And ausgewählter means selected. But that’s not one of the most important words.  Okay, so if I were to ask you about the average daily use of television, you’ll see it was zweihundert sechsunddreiẞig Minuten. Which is a heck of a lot actually for an average. It is, let me just work that out, nearly four hours, isn’t it? Four hours would be zweihundertvierzig Minuten. Okay. Also,  das ist eigentlich erstaunlich viel, it’s a surprising lot. Der Fernsehkonsum im Jahr 2019 war erstaunlich hoch, sehr hoch. Internet: da war die tägliche Nutzungsdauer einhunderteins Minuten. Ich finde das ist erstaunlich niedrig. I certainly spend more that one hour and forty minutes online. Das ist interessant. Radio: hundert Minuten. Also, ich finde das ist erstaunlich hoch. That’s quite high, I listen to the radio a lot, but I wasn’t aware, I thought that was just me being old-fashioned, but obviously its quite popular. Are these differences between Germany and England do you think, or am I basing it on my personal experience? So, these others here, they’re all relatively low. Dreiẞig Minuten Komputerspiele. Das ist eigentlich erstaunlich niedrig. I’m finding that’s quite low. Und am niedrigsten sind die Kinobesucher, an average of one minute a day. And that, we have to remember, was before Covid, so the average will have come down to something very tiny for the last few months.  Okay. So, we could say fernsehen ist beliebter als Internet. Radio ist beliebter als lesen. Lesen ist weniger beliebt als Komputerspiele. Und besonders unbeliebt war das Kino. So again, I’m interested as to why these figures are as they are. Possibly, the television figures, Fernsehzahlen, that we saw in the first slide had gone down slightly in the last few years. I would suggest that it’s because of the competition from all these other media. But there could be other reasons as well. Also, man hat sechsundzwanzig Minuten pro Tag gelesen. Read, okay, Buch, sechsundzwanzig Minuten. Und Print, das ist Zeitungen und Zeitschriften. Also, Zeitunglesen ist auch nicht sehr populär.  Okay, so that’s it for now. Ich hoffe, das war für Sie interessant, und ich wünsche Ihnen viel Spaẞ beim Weiterlernen. Tschüs! 

Figure 1 shows how viewing habits in Germany have changed. It shows the average number of minutes per day spent watching TV between 1997 and 2019.

Figure 1 TV viewing habits in Germany This is a bar chart entitled Durchschnittliche tägliche Fernsehdauer in Deutschland in den Jahren 1997 bis 2019 (in Minuten). The vertical axis is labelled Tägliche Sehdauer in Minuten, and the horizontal axis is labelled with every year from ’97 to ’19. The data shown is as follows:’97         183’98         188’99         185’00         190’01         192’02         201’03         203­­’04         210’05         211’06         212’07         208’08         207’09         212’10         223’11         225’12         222’13         221’14         221’15         223’16         223’17         221’18         217’19         211

Vokabular Durchschnittlich on average Täglich daily Man sah fern ... People watched TV Man sieht fern … People watch TV Activity 1 Look at the statistics in Figure 1 and select all the correct answers from the options below. Im Jahre 1997 sah man durchschnittlich 183 Minuten pro Tag fern. Im Jahr 2000 sah man durchschnittlich 195 Minuten pro Tag fern. Im Jahr 2010 sah man durchschnittlich 223 Minuten pro Tag fern. 2019 sah man mehr fern als 2018. Im Jahr 2011 sah man durchschnittlich 225 Minuten pro Tag fern. The correct answers are: Im Jahre 1997 sah man durchschnittlich 183 Minuten pro Tag fern. Im Jahr 2011 sah man durchschnittlich 225 Minuten pro Tag fern. Im Jahr 2010 sah man durchschnittlich 223 Minuten pro Tag fern. In the last two years, there has been a slight downward trend in these figures. Can you think of possible reasons for this? You may have thought of lots of different reasons. The first thing to say is it is only a small decrease, so may not be significant. However, two possible reasons are: People watch less TV, because they are more aware of the health risks of sitting still and spend more time being active outdoors. People use other media, such as YouTube and streaming services to download films and videos. When discussing statistics you often need to make comparisons. Table 1 shows some useful expressions. Table 1 Talking about statistics

weniger als	less than	2019 sah man weniger fern als 2018.
mehr als	more than	Man sieht heute mehr fern als 1997.
am meisten	most	Im Jahr 2011 sah man am meisten fern.
am wenigsten	least	Die Menschen in Bayern sehen am wenigsten fern.
am niedrigsten	lowest	Der Fernsehkonsum war am niedrigsten im Jahr 1997.
am höchsten	highest	Der Fernsehkonsum war am höchsten im Jahr 2011.
beliebter als	more popular than	Sportsendungen sind beliebter als Abenteuerfilme.

Activity 2 Read the following text and fill in the missing word or percentage in the six sentences listed after it. Nachrichten sind beliebt Die Deutschen sehen gern fern. 55% der Deutschen sehen regelmäßig die Nachrichten. Auch regionale Nachrichten sind sehr beliebt: 37% der Deutschen schauen diese an. Zur Unterhaltung sind Sportsendungen (28% der Deutschen schauen sie) und Krimis (27%) sehr beliebt. Danach, mit 26%, kommen die Informationssendungen zur Politik, oder zum Thema Gesundheit, Natur und anderen Themen (26%). Viele Deutsche mögen auch Quiz- und Gameshows (21%) und Abenteuerfilme (17%). Der Konsum von Kinder- und Jugendsendungen dagegen ist am niedrigsten: Nur 5% schauen diese. Vokabular Nachrichten (f.pl)   news beliebt   popular zur Unterhaltung   for entertainment …sendungen (f.pl)   programmes die Gesundheit   health mögen   like dagegen   on the other hand This activity is not available in this format Wieviel Zeit verbringt man vor dem Fernseher? How much time do people spend in front of the TV? Vokabular Zeit verbringen … to spend time Activity 3 Listen to the recording and match the times with the speakers. Bitte hören Sie. Interviewerin    Wie viele Stunden pro Woche sehen Sie fern? Mann 1    Mhm. Zirka 20, 25. Interviewerin    Wie viele Stunden pro Woche sehen Sie fern? Frau 1    Äh, das ist eine gute Frage. 30 Stunden? Interviewerin    Wie viele Stunden pro Woche sehen Sie fern? Frau 2    In der Woche ungefähr 20 Stunden vielleicht. Interviewerin    Wie viele Stunden pro Woche sehen Sie fern? Mann 2    Ziemlich viel, zirka pro Tag drei, vier Stunden. Interviewerin    Wie viele Stunden ungefähr sehen Sie fern pro Woche? Mann 3    Pro Woche? Also. Pro Tag, sechs, sieben Stunden verbringe ich schon beim Fernsehen. 20 – 25 Stunden pro Woche Mann 1 30 Stunden pro Woche Frau 1 20 Stunden pro Woche Frau 2 3 – 4 Stunden pro Tag Mann 2 6 – 7 Stunden pro Tag Mann 3 The correct matches are: Mann 1 - 20 – 25 Stunden pro Woche Frau 1 - 30 Stunden pro Woche Frau 2 - 20 Stunden pro Woche Mann 2 - 3 – 4 Stunden pro Tag Mann 3 -6 – 7 Stunden pro Tag Key expressions for talking about television Ich sehe gern Krimis.   I like watching crime dramas. Ich sehe nicht oft fern.   I don’t often watch television. Ich sehe weniger fern als meine Kinder.  I watch less television than my children. Wir sehen mehr Dokumentarfilme als Spielfilme.   We watch more documentaries than feature films. anschalten   to switch on ausschalten   to switch off fernsehen   to watch television. Now listen to the recording to practise the pronunciation of these key expressions. Ich sehe gern Krimis. Ich sehe nicht oft fern. Ich sehe weniger fern als meine Kinder. Wir sehen mehr Dokumentarfilme als Spielfilme. anschalten ausschalten fernsehen Figure 2 includes some of the language you may need to use if you are talking about watching television.

Figure 2 Watching television This photo shows a woman sitting in front of a television with the remote control in her hand. The following items in the photo are labelled: der Fernseher (television), der Bildschirm (screen), das Kabel (cable), die Fernbedienung (remote control), der Lautsprecher (loud speaker), die Zuschauerin (viewer).

Activity 4 This activity is not available in this format Separable verbs Now watch this video on separable verbs. Hallo! Ich bin die Caroline, and today we are going to look at separable verbs, or trennbare Verben, as they’re called in German. Okay, so first of all, what are they? A separable verb in the infinitive has a main part which is usually another verb, which you are already familiar with, probably, and a prefix. So, if we begin, I think if I click we’ll get the main verb, sehen, which you know means ‘to see’, and the prefix is fern. Which as I said in the previous video, about television statistics, it literally means ‘to see far’. So, I think that’s a wonderful word, much better than ‘watching TV’, to see what’s going on a long way away. You can see that what happens when you conjugate the verb, that’s to say when you use it with a person or a thing or some sort of subject, this prefix goes to the end. So here are some examples. Ich sehe jeden Abend fern. Siehst du auch oft fern? And the reply: Ja, wir sehen eigentlich zu viel fern. First person says: Ich auch, und mein Mann sieht auch zu viel fern. Notice: siehst du and sieht. These are the irregular bits of sehen, where there’s a vowel change in the second and third person singular. So in the du, and in the er, sie, es. Siehst du, and mein Mann sieht. And then: Die Kinder sehen auch viel zuviel fern. Much too much television. And the last one: Ich möchte das ganze Wochenende… I’ve left a space. Just to remind (no not to remind you, you may not have come across this), just to say that with modal verbs, the infinitive is used, and the two parts go back together. So: Ich möchte das ganze Wochenende fernsehen. So, you can see with modal verbs it’s not separated, just goes back to the straightforward infinitive, which is kind of logical, because that’s what the infinitive is, and the infinitive is what you use with modal verbs. Modal verbs include: müssen, having to; können, ich kann, to be able to; dürfen, ich darf, to be allowed to; sollen, to ought to (not very good English!); and wollen, to want to. I think that’s most of them. Okay, jetzt üben wir. And what I’d like you to do is to use this infinitive: den Fernseher anschalten, meaning ‘switch on the television’, in the first person with ich. So, I’m going to count to ten in my head while you think of what you would put, and then I’ll bring up the answer. Ich schalte den Fernseher an. Okay? So, the infinitive has separated out into the verb and the prefix. So, the next one: umschalten, which means to change channel constantly. Um often has a lot to do with change when its used as a prefix in separable verbs . So, ‘my son is changing channels every five minutes’ [alle 5 Minuten umschalten/ mein Sohn]. So, I’ll give you a little while to work out the answer to that. Mein Sohn schaltet alle 5 Minuten um. Next one has got ich möchte, so be careful with whether or not you’re going to separate the prefix from the verb [den Fernseher ausschalten/ ich möchte]. Ich möchte den Fernseher ausschalten, you can see that you don’t separate it because the actual verb is ich möchte, and ausschalten stays in the infinitive, and the infinitive doesn’t separate the prefix from the verb. Ich möchte den Fernseher ausschalten, aber meine Tochter hat die Fernbedienung. And you can see that is the Tochter mit der Fernbedienung, looking very happy, and definitely not about to give up control of that remote. Okay, and the last one. The verb is anfangen. I should warn you its irregular, and it has a vowel change from, in the second and third person singular. So you would say du fängst something an, and I’m not quite sure what you would put in the rest of that sentence, but certainly in the third person singular the vowel change is to fängt. So that’s important for you to know for this one. And it means to start. So it‘s um 8 Uhr anfangen, and die Sendung. Die Sendung fängt um 8 Uhr an. And if you listen very carefully you will hear my dog having a drink in the background, which he always does when I’m trying to record. I’ve got everything else quiet, but the dog goes and has a little drink. Never mind, onwards! Okay, so now we’re going to practice some more, weiter üben, and I just wanted to emphasize that because we’ve used verbs, a lot of verbs to do with watching television, that separable verbs are by no means limited to one topic. So, I’ve chosen another topic where there are a lot of them, but they can be used for any topic, any, you know, they crop up all over the place. You’ll find a lot of them whatever you’re talking about. So, let’s practise this one. Um 7 Uhr ankommen, with wir. Whoops, I did the wrong one! Um 10 Uhr abfahren/der Zug: Der Zug fährt um 10 Uhr ab. And you can see, just a reminder, fahren is irregular, so der Zug fährt um 10 Uhr ab. You’ll begin to get a feeling of what these prefixes mean. Ab is generally moving away from where you are. And the next one: um 7 Uhr ankommen. An is generally moving towards where you are. I’d like you to do this one with wir [um 7 Ukr ankommen / wir]. Wir kommen um 7 Uhr an. Okay, the next one: In Hamburg aussteigen [in Hamburg aussteigen/ sie]. Aus means, as a preposition it means ‘out of’, and it has a similar sense when it’s used as part of a separable verb. So, its ‘getting out’, get out of the train. Literally, you climb out of the train. And the answer is: Sie steigen in Hamburg aus. With the next one, I‘ve introduced Sie müssen [in Hamburg aussteigen / Sie müssen], so can you remember the rule for where you have a modal verb? Sie müssen in Hamburg aussteigen. So, no separation of the prefix when its with a modal verb. Next one, oops I did that to fast for you, sorry! Clicked on them both, never mind. Ich steige in Rostock um. And again, that is said with umschalten, that um tends to be to do with changing. So, ‘I change trains in Rostock’. And the last one: Ich muss in Rostock umsteigen. I must change trains in Rostock. Again, the infinitive here with no separation. Okay, so separable verbs aren’t limited to travelling by train either any more than they are to fernsehen. And you will come across a lot more of them in the course. So now, we say danke für die Bilder, there weren’t many of them, but I’m always grateful for pictures, I think they do a huge amount to enhance learning and make it more fun. Ja, okay, that’s it. Ich wünsche Ihnen viel Spaẞ beim Weiterlernen. Tschüs!

Verbs such as fernsehen and anschalten are known as separable verbs (trennbare Verben). A separable verb has a main part and a prefix. In the present tense, the prefix is separated and moves to the end of the sentence in the present tense. Ich sehe oft fern. Er schaltet den Fernseher an. Er macht den Fernseher wieder aus. If you use a separable verb together with a modal verb, the separable verb remains in its infinitive form: Ich will den Fernseher anschalten. Ich möchte jetzt umschalten. Ich muss sofort ausschalten. Activity 5 Part 1 Review the text given in Activity 4 and note down all the separable verbs. Are any of them not separated? If so, why? The separated separable verbs are: Ich schalte den Fernsehr an. Ich .... schalte um. Ich schalte den Fernseher wieder aus. These are all in the present tense. Ich will nicht mehr fernsehen is not separated. It is in the infinitive because it is being used with a modal verb. Part 2 You’ll now practise using the separable verbs you have learned by taking part in some short dialogues. Listen to the audio and respond using the prompt given. The conversation will then continue and the next prompt will be given. Beispiel Sie hören:   Was machst du im Moment? (fernsehen) Sie sagen:   Ich sehe im Moment fern. Hören Sie und sprechen Sie. Was machst du im Moment? (fernsehen) → Ich sehe im Moment fern. Ich mag die Sendung nicht. (umschalten) → Okay, ich schalte um. Was machst du heute Abend? (wahrscheinlich fernsehen) → Ich sehe wahrscheinlich fern. Die Sendung ist jetzt zu Ende. (Fernseher ausmachen) → Ich mache den Fernseher aus. Ich möchte die Talkshow nicht sehen. (umschalten) → Dann schalte ich um. Siehst du oft fern? (ja, oft) → Ja, ich sehe oft fern. Model answers for this activity are given in the recording and a written version is provided in the transcript. Your responses may be slightly different. Part 3 This activity is not available in this format Write the missing word in the gap to complete the two sentences below. This activity is not available in this format This activity is not available in this format Listen to some people talking about how much television they watch and what they like. Select all the expressions that you hear. Bitte hören Sie. Interviewerin    Wie viele Stunden pro Woche sehen Sie fern? Frau 1    Ich seh’ gar nicht fern, weil ich gar keinen Fernseher habe. Interviewerin    Und wie viele Stunden pro Woche sehen Sie fern ungefähr? Mann 1    Ja, das is’ äh, nich’ ganz einheitlich, manchmal schau’ ich Videos, manchmal auch das normale Programm. Vielleicht so drei, vier Stunden in der Woche. Interviewerin    Wie viele Stunden pro Woche sehen Sie fern? Frau 2    Mhm. Ungefähr, sagen wir, acht bis zehn Stunden pro Woche. Interviewerin    Was sehen Sie gerne? Frau 2    Ich gucke gerne „Simpsons“ und manchmal Talkshows, je nachdem, was halt im Fernsehen gerade ist. Interviewerin    Und wie viele Stunden pro Woche sehen Sie fern? Mann 2    Hm, Fernsehen spielt bei mir keine so große Rolle. Also ich denk’, nicht mehr als drei bis vier Stunden in der Woche. Ich sehe jeden Abend fern. Ich sehe gar nicht fern. Manchmal schau’ ich Videos. Manchmal guck’ ich Sport. Ich gucke gerne „Simpsons“. Ich sehe gerne Nachrichten. Fernsehen spielt bei mir eine sehr große Rolle. Fernsehen spielt bei mir keine so große Rolle. The correct answers are: Ich sehe gar nicht fern. Manchmal schau’ ich Videos. Manchmal guck’ ich Sport. Ich gucke gerne „Simpsons“. Fernsehen spielt bei mir keine sehr große Rolle. Germany’s most popular channels, such as ARD (a consortium of regional public service broadcasters), ZDF (Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen) and die Dritten Programme (third programmes), are governed by public law and publicly funded (öffentlich-rechtlich). Die Dritten Programme are small regional channels run by the regional broadcasters. There are also many private channels such as RTL, Sat1 and Pro7. Most channels offer news at 7 or 8 p.m. and a feature film or documentary might typically start at 8.15 p.m. The extract in Figure 3 is from a TV guide and shows what is on TV across four German channels in the evening.

Figure 3 TV guide This extract from a TV guide shows what is on TV across five German channels in the evening, as follows:ARD20:00 Tagesschau 20:15 Schlager, Stars und Sterne. Livekonzert aus Österreich. 23:30 Tagesthemenmit Wetter.ZDF19:00 Heute 19:20Wetter 19:25Der Bergdoktor. Krankenhausdrama. 21:45Die Chefin. Krimi 22:45Auslandsjournal Spezial: Corona global.RTL19:03RTL-AktuellDas Wetter 19:05 Alles, was zählt. Seifenoper. 19:40Gute Zeiten, schlechte Zeiten. Seifenoper. 20:15Die 150. Chart-Show. Die große Jubiläumsshow. Deutschland wählt die Nummer 1. ARTE19:55Arte-Journal 20:15Hoffnung auf Heimat. Spielfilm. 22:45Kinderhandel.DokumentarfilmSAT 119:55 SAT-1 Nachrichten. 20:15. Legend of Tarzan. Film mit Alexander Skarsgård, Margot Robbie und Christoph Waltz. 22:25 Sieben verdammt lange Tage. Komödie.

Activity 6 Answer the questions below based on the information provided in the German TV guide in Figure 3. Was gibt es um 20.15 auf ARTE? Wie heißen die Nachrichten auf ARD? Um wie viel Uhr kommt Legend of Tarzan? Und wo? Wann und wo gibt es eine Sendung über den Coronavirus? Hoffnung auf Heimat Tagesschau Um 20.15 Uhr auf SAT 1 Um 22.45 auf ZDF This activity is not available in this format Sehen is an irregular verb. The present tense is: ich sehe du siehst er/ sie / es /man sieht wir sehen ihr seht Sie sehen sie sehen. Separable verbs follow the pattern of their main verb: Siehst du gern fern? Ja, ich sehe sehr gern fern. Activity 7 Part 1 Practise using the verb sehen by filling in the gaps. This activity is not available in this format This activity is not available in this format This activity is not available in this format Part 2 You’ll now practise writing about your own TV viewing habits. Write one or two sentences about the types of programmes you like and don’t like watching using gern, nicht gern, gar nicht gern etc. Remember, you learned some expressions for saying what you like last week in Week 1 Section 4, which you can use here. The answer you have given will of course depend on your preferences, but here is one possible answer: Ich sehe gern Spielfilme und Nachrichten. Am liebsten sehe ich Sport. Ich sehe gar nicht gern Quizsendungen. Now write about when and how often you watch television using expressions such as oft, jeden Tag, am Wochenende, manchmal, nie etc. Again the answer here will depend on your preferences but here is one possible answer: Ich sehe oft fern, aber nicht jeden Tag. Manchmal sehe ich die Nachrichten, und am Wochenende finde ich die Sportsendungen besonders interessant. Seifenopern sehe ich nie. Check what you’ve learned this week by taking the end-of-week quiz. Week 2 quiz Open the quiz in a new window or tab (by holding ctrl [or cmd on a Mac] when you click the link), then return here when you have done it. I hope you’ve enjoyed this week. You’ve learned how to express your TV viewing preferences, some useful language for discussing statistics and how to use separable verbs in the present tense. Here are three tips for language learning. We’ll use the acronym LAL to remember them. Little and often is most effective, especially for learning vocabulary. 10 minutes a day works wonders. Active learning - don’t just repeat. Invent! Make up sentences and dialogues to practise new language in context. Live it! Make it part of your life. Try to recall the names for different types of TV shows when you’re watching TV. Say telephone numbers to yourself in German. When you’re out and about, say car registration numbers to yourself in German. 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Available at http://www.sciencecampaign.org.uk/news-media/guest-blog/one-climate-data-point.html (Accessed 4 March 2020). This free course was first published in March 2021. Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see terms and conditions), this content is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence. The material acknowledged below and within the course is Proprietary and used under licence (not subject to Creative Commons Licence). Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material in this free course: This free course was first published in March 2021. Intro Images Course image: SeanPavonePhoto/iStock / Getty Images Pluso/ Introduction: Gugerell. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wien_06_Mariahilfer_Stra%C3%9Fe_045_Durchhaus_a.jpg Week 1 Images Figure 1: Jörg Zägel, cleared under Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-SA 3.0) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berlin,_Schoeneberg,_Tauentzienstrasse_21-24,_KaDeWe.jpg Section 1, Activity 2, Part 3, Herrenmode: Photo by Benjamin Reisner on Unsplash Section 1, Activity 2, Part 3, Kosmetik: Marion Stolzenwald, cleared under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareALike 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-SA 3.0) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kosmetikglas19_72dpi.jpg Section 1, Activity 2, Part 3, Damenmode: Photo by Micheile Henderson on Unsplash Section 1, Activity 2, Part 3, Schmuck: Image by Colin Behrens from Pixabay Section 1, Activity 2, Part 3, Bücher: Image by Hermann Kollinger from Pixabay Section 1, Activity 2, Part 3, Geschirr: Stephanie Kraus, cleared under Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic license (CC BY 2.0) https://www.flickr.com/photos/koelnblogging/37484685544 Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Purple tie: 422737 / Pixabay Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1 and Section 3, Activity 5, Part 2, Scarf: zoom-zoom / iStock/iStock / Getty Images Plus Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Tights: jarmoluk / Pixabay Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Socks: Klaise / Pixabay Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Coat: LOVETL / Pixabay Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Gloves: HOerwin56 / Pixabay Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1 and Section 3, Activity 5, Part 2, Bra: aimy27feb/123RF.com Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Trousers/Jeans: clangs / Pixabay Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1 and Section 3, Activity 5, Part 2, Dress: AlexKalina/iStock / Getty Images Plus Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1 and Section 3, Activity 5, Part 2, T-shirt: Taek-sang Jeong/iStock / Getty Images Plus Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Blouse: qiye / Pixabay Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Jacket: Ben_Kerckx / Pixabay Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Suit: rintofr / Pixabay Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Shirt: renzonovoa1 / Pixabay Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Skirt: Engin Akyurt / Pixabay Section 2, Activity 3, Part 1, Jumper: Pexels / Pixabay Section 3, Activity 5, Part 2, Suit: © Evgeniy Ivanov/iStockphoto Section 5, Activity 7, Austrian flag: James Cridland/Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/7813572370 This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ Text Section 1: KaDeWe: Taken from https://www.visitberlin.de/de/kadewe Section 5, Activity 7: Online shopping: Adapted from - https://www.shopping.at/ Videos Section 5: Images taken from: shopping.at, Preisvergleich Europe GmbH Week 2 Images Introduction: Photo by August de Richelieu from Pexels Figure 1: © Statista 2020 Figure 2: Unknown Figure 3: Adapted from https://www.tvinfo.de/tv-programm Videos Section 1: Graphs from © Statista 2020 Section 3: Girl on chair: Pixy.org https://pixy.org/4233853/. This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial-No Derivatives Licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Section 3: Watching TV: Image by Ronny Overhate from Pixabay Section 3: S-Bahn: Image by OpenClipart-Vectors from Pixabay Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see terms and conditions), this content is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence. The material acknowledged below and within the course is Proprietary and used under licence (not subject to Creative Commons Licence). Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material in this free course: Every effort has been made to contact copyright owners. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. 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