International Phonetic Alphabet
In this course we are going to use the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The International Phonetic Alphabet is a system in which each symbol is associated with a particular sound.
By using IPA, you can know how to pronounce a word in any language.
Table 3 IPA
Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Interdental | |
(Voicing) | - + | - + | - + | - + |
Nasal
| m | |||
Plosive
| p b | t d | ||
Fricative
| (β) | f | (ð) | (θ) |
Affricate
| ||||
Tap/Flap
| ||||
Trill
| ||||
Lateral
|
Table 4 IPA
Alveolar | Post alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
(Voicing) | - + | - + | - + | - + | - + |
Nasal
| n | ɲ | (ŋ) | ||
Plosive
| k g | ||||
Fricative
| s (z) | (ʃ) | x (ɣ) | (h) | |
Affricate
| ʧ (dʒ) | ||||
Tap/Flap
| ɾ | ||||
Trill
| r | ||||
Lateral
| l | (ʎ) |
The consonantal sounds of Spanish. The sounds in brackets only occur in some varieties of Spanish or in specific phonetic contexts.
Activity 5
Find the voiced counterpart for each of the voiceless sounds in the left-hand column. This exercise involves the sounds of English.
Table 5 Voiced counterpart
Voiceless | Voiced |
t – too | z – zip |
θ – think | v - very |
s – sip | ð – they |
k – came | d – do |
f - ferry | g – game |
Answer
Table 6 Voiced counterpart (answers)
Voiceless | Voiced |
t – too | d – do |
θ – think | ð – they |
s – sip | z – zip |
k – came | g – game |
f - ferry | v - very |
Hulade, José Ignacio. The Sounds of Spanish, 2005, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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