This diagram shows the skills developed by French language learners at the Open University. At the centre is ‘Language studies curriculum’. Numerous boxes encircle the centre, with arrows pointing in to show that these skills feed into the curriculum. These skills are: Themes, lexical competence, grammatical competence, phonological competence, language skills, intercultural communication competence, knowledge of the world, text types, academic skills, digital and information literacy skills, employability and professional skills, translation skills.