3 Key trends and key theories

The sheer scale and complexity of contextual factors in ‘the environment’ can make it hard to comprehend. However, a number of analysts have sought to clarify patterns and trends. Here we will have the opportunity to evaluate some of the more compelling interpretations of emerging trends in the HR environment and as a consequence, the implications for HR policy and practice.

The theories and interpretations we want to assess most especially are those which capture the intertwining variables. Although we will be subjecting each to critical evaluation, it helps to state the themes and trends as propositions.

In this section we gather together and introduce the main theories and interpretations which currently prevail concerning how to make sense of the business and HR context. Aspects of these theories can be found in many diverse sources. They can be seen described in the general business press as well as in a very wide range of more specialised publications even though they are not normally brought together in the way we do here.