Long description

This is a screenshot from Interactive 3, showing just the bottom wave. As usual, the horizontal axis shows time from 0 to 20 milliseconds and the vertical axis shows voltage from minus 1 to 1 volt. The wave looks like a zig-zag that starts at 0, rises diagonally up to a maximum of approximately 0.6 volts and then falls diagonally down to a minimum of approximately minus 0.6 volts, before rising diagonally back up to 0 and repeating. This cycle occurs just under 9 times. The diagonal lines have a slight ‘wobble’ to them, but this is a reasonable approximation to a sawtooth wave.