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# Contents

- Introduction
- Learning outcomes
- 1 The components of a balanced diet
  - 1.1 Balanced energy intake
  - 1.2 Inadequate intake
  - 1.3 Obesity
  - 1.4 Obesity treatment
- 2 Genes, environment and the causes of obesity
  - 2.1 Ron revisited
  - 2.2 Experimental studies of energy balance
  - 2.3 Obesity – an evolutionary perspective
  - 2.4 Obesity and brain reward systems
  - 2.5 Obesity and ageing
  - 2.6 A gene ‘for’ obesity?
  - 2.7 Treatments for obesity
    - 2.7.1 Adipose tissue
  - 2.8 Summary of Section 2
- Conclusion
- References
- Acknowledgements

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