Figure 2 The contribution of systems dynamics is exemplified by showing that the inadequate diagram of one-way, straight-line
thinking is only part of the story. The closed-loop diagram used in SD modelling raises awareness of unintended consequences.
In this case, it suggests the laying off of workers causes demoralisation of remaining workers and reduces productivity. (Downsizing
is a management term for cutting staff to reduce company costs and raise profits.)