Resource 2: Products from crude oil

Teacher resource for planning or adapting to use with pupils

This diagram shows an oil distillation column.

Original Source of diagram: Oxford Science Programme Book1, published by OxfordUniversity Press, p. 92 (1990)

Uses of crude oil
Fraction (or part) of the crude oil Products from this fraction (sometimes after further treatment)
Gas (G) Gas fuels, such as calor gas, making other chemicals
Petrol (P) Fuel for cars, pesticides, drugs, plastics, fertilisers, detergents, solvents, making other chemicals
Kerosene (K)Paraffin, jet fuel, white spirit
Diesel (D)Fuel for trucks and buses, central heating oil
Heavy Oils (HO)Lubricating oils and grease, waxes, polishes, making other chemicals
Residue (R) Tar for road surfaces, waterproof roofing materials, fuel for power stations

Teaching ideas

Teaching ideas would include making posters of products and by-products of crude oil using collages of magazine and newspaper adverts (you could show the products or brand names and symbols). Alternatively, you could make a display of empty containers. Products to consider include paraffin, diesel oil, petrol, lip balm, lipsticks, vaseline, lubricating oils, candles, tar and plastics.

Nigeria’s oil industry

Image from http://www.offshore-technology.com/ projects/ ekpe/ images/ ekpe5.jpg [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)] (Accessed 2008)

As of September 2004, Nigeria was the largest oil producer in Sub-Saharan Africa, the fifth largest petroleum exporting country in the organisation of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC). Nigeria produces 30% of the total oil production in the African region. Oil income has historically provided about 95% of Nigeria’s foreign exchange earnings. The source of Nigeria’s wealth is the Niger Delta, a wetland of about 70,000 sq km. The Niger Delta is made up of nine oil producing states and has an estimated population of about 20 million people, amounting to about 16.7% of the Nigerian population (120 million).

Map of the Niger Delta

http://www.usip.org/ events/ 2005/ 1107_niger.html (Accessed 2008)

Adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ Nigeria_oil#Geology_and_reserves (Accessed 2008)

Resource 1: Renewable and non-renewable resources

Resource 3: Making compost