Acknowledgements

This free course was collaboratively written by Maria Garza and Isobel Richards, and was reviewed by Lucy Brunton, Claire Gordon, Natalie Moyen and Hilary MacQueen.

Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see terms and conditions), this content is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence.

The material acknowledged below is Proprietary and used under licence (not subject to Creative Commons Licence). Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material in this free course:

Course image: Deyana Robova/123RF.

Figure 1: davit85/iStock/Getty Images Plus.

Figure 2: Mark Hunt/Getty Images.

Figure 6: Steve Gschmeissner/Science Photo Library.

Figure 7: tanakornsar/Shutterstock.

Figure 8: Gabrielle Vonot/Look At Sciences/Science Photo Library.

Figure 13: adapted from Innes et al., 2020. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/ [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)] .

Figure 15: Thitipong Kingkaeo/123RF.

Figure 16: from Coyne et al., 2019. This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/.

Figure 17: Duangphorn Wiriya/Unsplash.

Figure 18: used with permission of Daniela Beckmann, https://www.flickr.com/ photos/ _dane/ 23921316659.

Every effort has been made to contact copyright owners. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.