Surveillance purposes include baseline and distribution AMR data, trends and sources of AMR in bacteria, and the emergence of new AMR mechanisms. Policy purposes include designing measures and policies to provide data for risk analyses, areas for future research and outbreak investigation, and as a basis for policy recommendations for animal and human health; policy purposes also include evaluating and assessing existing measures and policies, such as antimicrobial prescribing practices and prudent use recommendations, and the effect of mitigation measures.