Solutions

SAQ 19.1 (tests Learning Outcomes 19.1, 19.2 and 19.3)

Answer

A is false. Decomposition in a septic tank is an anaerobic, not aerobic, process.

B is false. A seepage pit must not be watertight. Liquid must be able to seep slowly out of the pit into the surrounding ground.

C is true. Anaerobic digestion of waste produces biogas and digested sludge that can be used as a fertiliser.

D is false. Runoff is rainwater running off the land but it may contain human and other types of waste that have been washed off the land surface. It can also cause flooding problems.

E is true. Human waste management must ensure the protection of groundwater from contamination.

Back to - SAQ 19.1 (tests Learning Outcomes 19.1, 19.2 and 19.3)



SAQ 19.2 (tests Learning Outcome 19.4)

Answer

  1. Local geology is important because the type of rock will need to be considered for any technology that relies on liquid waste percolating into the ground. For example, a pit latrine must be sited further away from a water source if the rock is permeable.
  2. Climate can make a difference if the usual rainfall pattern causes frequent flooding. This will need to taken into consideration when locating and building the chosen latrine.
  3. The sanitation technology must be comfortable and convenient for all the people who are going to use it. Small children may need special arrangements that allow them to use the latrine without danger. Elderly people may not be fully mobile and may also need special consideration to ensure the latrine is accessible for them.

Back to - SAQ 19.2 (tests Learning Outcome 19.4)