Glossary

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active AMR surveillance

The proactive and targeted acquisition of samples and/or antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data to meet specific objectives. This could include testing healthy animals on a representative sample of farms for AMR, for example.

antimicrobial consumption (AMC)

Quantities of antimicrobials used in a specific setting (total, community, hospital) during a specific period of time (for example, days, months or years).

antimicrobial residues

Antimicrobial drug molecules (or their metabolites) that remain in the meat of an animal after treatment, or are excreted into the environment by an animal or person, or enter the environment via water (e.g. via effluent and wastewater systems or antibiotic treatment of aquatic species) or pharmaceutical waste.

antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

When microbes no longer respond to antimicrobial drugs that were designed to kill them or prevent their growth.

antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB)

Bacteria that are resistant to antimicrobial drugs. 

antimicrobial-resistant genes (ARGs)

Genes that confer antibiotic resistance to bacteria.

antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST)

Microbiological tests that determine whether bacteria are susceptible or resistant to an antibiotic. 

antimicrobial use (AMU)

How antimicrobials are used, including treatment goal, treatment of populations versus targeted individuals, duration of use, route of administration, and species treated (that is, human, animal or plant).

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