Glossary

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E

Efflux pumps

Transport proteins in the bacterial membrane that actively transport antibiotics out of the bacterial cell.

Epidemiological cut-off (ECOFF)

An agreed concentration of antibiotic that defines a wild type microorganism. The ECOFF reflects the ability to detect resistance mechanisms that may or may not be clinically significant in a susceptibility test.

European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)

A Europe-based organisation that promotes international laboratory standards and guidelines for performing antibiotic susceptibility tests.

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producers

Bacteria which produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) making them more resistant to broad-spectrum cephaolsporins.

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