Acknowledgements
This free course was collaboratively written by Sarah Palmer and Liz Sheridan, and was reviewed by Priya Khanna, Skye Badger, Claire Gordon, Natalie Moyen and Hilary MacQueen.
Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see terms and conditions), this content is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence.
The material acknowledged below is Proprietary and used under licence (not subject to Creative Commons Licence). Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material in this free course:
Images
Module image: © funtap/123RF
Figure 1: EYE OF SCIENCE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
Figure 2: The Open University
Figure 3: Liz Sheridan
Figures 4 and 5: Liz Sheridan
Figure 6: © Anant Kasetsinsombut/123 Royalty Free
Figure 7: Liz Sheridan
Figure 8: EYE OF SCIENCE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
Figures 9, 10, 11 and 12: Liz Sheridan
Figures 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18: Liz Sheridan
Figure 19: © ECDC. Dataset provided by ECDC based on data provided by WHO and Ministries of Health from the affected countries
Figure 20: EFSA and ECDC (European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control), 2021. The European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2018/2019. EFSA Journal 2021;19(4):6490, 179 pp. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6490. This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives Licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
Figure 21: Bonomo, R.A., Burd, E.M., Conly, J., Limbago, B.M., Poirel, L., Segre, J.A. and Westblade, L.F. (2018) 'Carbapenemase-Producing Organisms: A Global Scourge', Clinical Infectious Diseases, Vol. 66, Issue 8, 15 April 2018, Pages 1290–1297. Oxford University Press.
Figure 22: Li, J. et al. (2019) Inter-host Transmission of Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli among Humans and Backyard Animals, Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 127, No. 10, https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5251
Videos
Video 1: Liz Sheridan
Tables
Table 1: With kind permission of Prof Peter Hawkey, personal communication, University of Birmingham
Table 5: European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) (2021) ‘Clinical breakpoints – bacteria’, EUCAST.
Every effort has been made to contact copyright owners. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.
References