Acknowledgements

This free course was written by Alex Grinberg and Sarah Palmer and reviewed by Liz Sheridan. The course was reviewed and updated by Maria Garza Valles,Vikki Haley and Rachel McMullan in 2025.

Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see terms and conditions), this content is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Licence.

The material acknowledged below is Proprietary and used under licence (not subject to Creative Commons Licence). Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources for permission to reproduce material in this free course:

Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following sources:

Every effort has been made to contact copyright owners. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.

Course image: Andriy Popov / Alamy Stock Photo

Figure 2: Westpoint Farm Vets

Figure 3: Rainard, P., et al. (2018) Host factors determine the evolution of infection with Staphylococcus aureus to gangrenous mastitis in goats, Veterinary Research, 49, 72, https://doi.org/ 10.1186/ s13567-018-0564-4 [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)] This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 4.0/

Figure 4: Taken from Srinu, B., Anumolu, Vijaya kumar & Kumar, M & Narayana, B.V.L. & Rao, T. (2012) Assessment of Microbiological quality and associated health risks of raw milk sold in and around Hyderabad city, International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences ISSN 0975-6299, Oct; 3(4): (B) 609 – 614

Figure 5: Adapted from itsfareedtareen, 'Culture Media Preparation', Quizlet, https://quizlet.com/ 132061981/ 9-culture-media-preparation-flash-cards/

Figure 6: Medimicro, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:MacConkey_agar_with_LF_and_LF_colonies.jpg

Figure 7 (top): Don Whitley Scientific

Figure 7 (bottom): Taken from Taha, M. (2013) Microbiology Practical Invaders, https://www.slideshare.net/ MohamedTaha16/ invaders-09-102012

Figure 8 (top): Science Prof Online (SPO), www.scienceprofonline.com

Figure 8 (bottom): JOHN DURHAM / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Figure 9: From G. R. Carter, Diagnostic Procedures in Veterinary Bacteriology and Mycology, 3rd Edition, 1979. Courtesy of Charles C Thomas Publisher, Ltd., Springfield, Illinois

Figure 10: DAVID MCCARTHY / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Figure 12: Microrao, 'E.coli vs K.pneumoniae', https://commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:E.coli_vs_K.pneumoniae.jpg This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 4.0/ deed.en

Figure 13: Volker Brinkmann, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany in 'A Novel Data-Mining Approach Systematically Links Genes to Traits' (2005) PLOS Biology 3(5): e166. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/ journal.pbio.0030166 This file is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Generic (CC BY 2.5) license, https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 2.5/

Figure 15: National Institutes of Health / Stocktrek Images / Getty Images

Figure 16: Rich Davis, PhD, D(ABMM), MLS, @richdavisphd, https://twitter.com/ richdavisphd/ status/ 1369813213555003393?lang=ar

Figure 18: EYE OF SCIENCE / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Figure 19: DENNIS KUNKEL MICROSCOPY / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

Figure 20: Public domain image sourced from: CDC, https://phil.cdc.gov/ Details.aspx?pid=6657