Glossary


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C

categorical (qualitative)

A variable that can be classified into two or more categories that are mutually exclusive.


commensal

Bacteria species that are part of the normal flora (microbiome) of a human or animal, and do not normally cause disease.


confidence interval

The range of values in which it is expected that the true population value would fall a certain proportion of the time.


confounding

An error of interpretation that occurs when the apparent association between an exposure and an outcome variable is distorted by the presence of a third variable that is associated with both the exposure and the outcome. 



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