The cause, set of causes or manner of causation of a disease or condition.

The quantity of antimicrobial drugs imported, manufactured and/or sold for use in human or veterinary medicine in a country. It is typically expressed as the ‘defined daily dose’ (DDD).

The resistance (either innate or acquired) of a microbe (most often, a bacterium) to any compound that is designed to kill It or inhibit its growth. Several different mechanisms of AMR exist. The phrase is also used to describe any pathogen that is less susceptible than its counterparts to a specific antimicrobial compound. 

A set of guidelines and practices designed to promote optimal antimicrobial prescribing, reduce inappropriate and excessive antimicrobial use (AMU), and ultimately reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

The quantity of antimicrobial drugs prescribed or administered to an individual person or animal, or group of animals (such as a herd or flock), measured at the level of healthcare facility, farm, region or country. It is typically measured as kg of antibiotics. 

Classifies antibiotics into three stewardship groups (Access, Watch and Reserve) to emphasise the importance of their optimal uses and potential for antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

A collection of standards, guidelines and codes of practice adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC). The CAC is the central part of the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme; it was established to protect consumer health and promote fair practices in food trade.

Groups where individual component units might take action independently, but could achieve more by acting together.

A group of people who share a common concern, a set of problems or an interest in a topic. They come together to fulfil both individual and group goals.

A list published by the WHO of drugs that: 

• are considered to be the most effective and safe
• cover the most important medical needs and indications
• should be available in any functioning health system.

A specialist agency of the United Nations, with more than 194 member states, that aims to ensure that all people have access to an adequate supply of nutritious food.

A system for standardising and sharing surveillance data on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) worldwide.

A word or phrase preceded by a hash sign (#), used on social media websites and applications (especially Twitter) to identify digital content on a specific topic.

A group that brings together partners across the UN, international organisations and individuals with expertise across human, animal and plant health, as well as the food, animal feed, trade, development and environment sectors. The group is formulating a blueprint for the fight against antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

A drug developed by a pharmaceutical or biotech company, or another organisation, that is ready for clinical trials on humans.

The idea that the target audience has gaps in its knowledge of science, and that, through outreach, we can teach people and fill in these gaps.

The administration of therapeutic doses of antimicrobials to groups of animals to prevent the spread of clinical disease once some animals in the group show symptoms.

A plan for tackling antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in a country that is aligned with the Global Action Plan on AMR.

A non-profit group that functions independently of any government. NGOs (sometimes called civil societies) are organised on community, national or international levels to serve a social or political goal such as humanitarian causes or the environment.

A collaborative approach to healthcare and health research that recognises the interconnection between humans, animals, plants and their shared environment.

A publication is defined as ‘open access’ when there are no financial, legal or technical barriers to accessing it. Anyone can read, download, copy, distribute, print, search for and search within the information, or use it in education or in any other way within the legal agreements.

A standardised methodology for measuring antimicrobial use (AMU) in hospital inpatients. It identifies all instances of a condition (such as antimicrobial resistance (AMR)) at a particular point in time.

An independent international network for action on antimicrobial resistance (AMR), with a strategic focus on advocacy.

A system that collects data from a limited number of reporting sites. For example, it may only include a few hospitals within a country or state. This approach is advantageous where it is not feasible to include all reporting sites, or due to constraints of public health resources. 

The visual process of laying out all of the stakeholders of a product, project or idea on one map. The main benefit of a stakeholder map is to get a visual representation of all the people who can influence your project and how they are connected.

An annual event that aims to increase awareness of global antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and encourage best practice among the general public, health workers and policy-makers to avoid the further emergence and spread of drug-resistant infections.