The cause, set of causes or manner of causation of a disease or condition.

The quantity of antimicrobial drugs imported, manufactured and/or sold for use in human or veterinary medicine in a country. It is typically expressed as the ‘defined daily dose’ (DDD).

The resistance (either innate or acquired) of a microbe (most often, a bacterium) to any compound that is designed to kill It or inhibit its growth. Several different mechanisms of AMR exist. The phrase is also used to describe any pathogen that is less susceptible than its counterparts to a specific antimicrobial compound. 

A set of guidelines and practices designed to promote optimal antimicrobial prescribing, reduce inappropriate and excessive antimicrobial use (AMU), and ultimately reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

The quantity of antimicrobial drugs prescribed or administered to an individual person or animal, or group of animals (such as a herd or flock), measured at the level of healthcare facility, farm, region or country. It is typically measured as kg of antibiotics. 

Classifies antibiotics into three stewardship groups (Access, Watch and Reserve) to emphasise the importance of their optimal uses and potential for antimicrobial resistance (AMR).