The socially constructed norms that impose and determine inequalities in power, roles and relations of and between women, men, boys, girls and gender-diverse people, and that underlie gender-based discrimination.

In health, gender analysis seeks to identify how gender norms, beliefs, roles, time allocation, division of labour, access to resources, and rules and decision-making power lead to different experiences of health and health systems.

Equal rights, responsibilities and opportunities for people of all genders.

Fairness and justice in the distribution of benefits and responsibilities between people of all genders.

The systematic integration of gender perspectives into analysis and policy, including assessing the gendered implications of any planned action.

‘A sub-set of social norms that describe how we are expected to behave in a given social context as a result of our gender. Gender norms intersect with other norms related to our age, ethnicity, class, disability, sexual orientation and gender identity – among other factors – and the way in which we experience them. The best way to achieve norm change is, therefore, to recognise and address these intersections. Gender norms often reflect and reinforce unequal gender relations, usually to the disadvantage of women and girls, but also to those men and boys who do not conform to the gender norms that prevail. They are generally understood as defining the expected behaviour of people who identify (or are identified by others) as male or female. They often erase non-binary or gender-fluid identities.’ (ALIGN, n.d.)

Social power relations between people of different genders within households, communities and wider levels.

Behaviours widely considered to be socially appropriate for individuals of a specific sex or gender within a culture, dictated by gender norms.