2.1 Inclusion

The UNESCO (2008) definition states that inclusive education is:

‘an ongoing process aimed at offering quality education for all while respecting diversity and the different needs and abilities, characteristics and learning expectations of the students and communities, eliminating all forms of discrimination’ p.3 UNESCO-IBE

How Good is our school? 4 (2015) states that:

‘Inclusion means taking positive action and intervening in order to enable achievement for all by building and fulfilling the potential of every child, young person and adult’.

Education Scotland has a network of equality partners who have described inclusion as follows:

“In Scotland inclusive learning takes place when local schools and communities create a learning environment designed to meet the needs of all learners. In inclusive environments the needs of diverse learners are provided through personalised learning and support that takes account of individual needs, choices and circumstances while relentlessly reinforcing high expectations. Effective individualised support is provided in environments that ensure all our children and young people become successful learners, responsible citizens, effective contributors and confident individuals.”

In a consultation document (2017) the Scottish Government proposed the following vision of inclusion in Scottish education:

‘Inclusive education in Scotland starts from the belief that education is a human right and the foundation for a more just society. An inclusive approach, with an appreciation of diversity and an ambition for all to achieve to their full potential, is essential to getting it right for every child and raising attainment for all. Inclusion is the cornerstone to help us achieve equity and excellence in education for all of our children and young people.’