3.2.5 IP-enabled controllers
The controller forwards information across an IP network, and allows individuals to access the controller remotely. In addition to forwarding basic information in an M2M configuration, some controllers are able to perform more complex operations. Some controllers can consolidate information from multiple sensors or perform basic analysis of data received.
Consider the scenario of a coffee plantation, as shown in the figure. The plantation owner wants to monitor the plants to determine the best time to harvest beans. Sensors can be used to collect information on the physical aspects of the plants, such as weather, soil conditions, and carbon dioxide levels. This information is forwarded to the controller. The controller forwards a more complete picture of the information to a network server or across the Internet to a Cloud-based service. Information gathered by the sensor nodes and controller can be further analyzed and accessible via mobile and remote devices.
In this scenario, the controller collects information from the sensors using the 802.15 protocol ZigBee. The controller consolidates the information received, and forwards the data to the gateway using the TCP/IP protocol suite.
Controllers, sensors, and actuators will contribute greatly to the expansion of things that get connected in the IoT.