Glossary

Multiverse analysis

Systematically sampling a vast set of specifications, known as a multiverse, to estimate the uncertainty surrounding the validity of a scientific claim.

Positionality

Refers to an individual's social and political position within society, including their identity, background, experiences, and beliefs.

P-value

A p-value is a statistical measurement used to validate a hypothesis against observed data. The lower the p-value, the greater the significance of the observed difference.

Preregistration

The practice of publishing the plan for a study, including research questions/hypotheses, research design, and/or data analysis plans, before the data has been collected or examined.

Reflexivity

An idea borrowed from qualitative research, reflexivity involves critical reflection on the researcher's position and how it influences the research process.

Robustness

Refers to the strength and reliability of results.