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...account differences in the size by calculating the volume of oxygen consumed for a particular amount (or mass) of animal. Volumes of a gas such as oxygen, would be measured in millilitres (ml) or, more usually, the numerically equivalent unit, cubic centimetres (cm3), and the mass of the animal in grams (g), or perhaps in thousandths of a gram, i.e. milligrams (mg). In...

...accounts for observations or facts. It can be tested by making further observations and then can be modified in the light of new evidence or observations. Suppose that your hypothesis is that the wildebeest migrate to escape from their predators. Other work has shown that there are around 3000 lions and 9000 spotted hyenas living in the Serengeti and preying on herbivores...

...account for how electromagnetic radiation crosses the empty space from the Sun and stars to the Earth and beyond. On encountering matter, radiation is transmitted, absorbed and scattered to varying degrees, depending on the chemical and physical nature of the matter. For example, the visible radiation in sunlight is certainly transmitted through panes of window glass, but...