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...Solar System, it is important that we do not accidentally contaminate untouched and unspoilt extraterrestrial environments in any way. In this free course you will learn about ‘Planetary Protection’ and why it is critical for our future exploration and use of space. This course has been developed with support from the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) Planetary...

...solar system’s ninth planet upon discovery by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930. He’d been looking for a planet where faulty data suggested a planet-sized body was perturbing the orbit of Neptune. This, he felt, was it – and the world agreed. Pluto’s mass was at first thought to be roughly the same as the Earth’s, but by 1948 estimates had shrunk it to the size of Mars....

...Energy are fast reactors and thorium. ...Special topic 1: Fast reactors Nearly all of the reactors for the generation of electricity in operation are ‘thermal’ reactors, such as the PWR type described earlier. The term thermal refers to the slowing down of the fast neutrons emitted in nuclear fission (energies measured in MeV) to energies characteristic of the...

...energy, will be explored. You will also look at the various types of particle reactions, and the fundamental interactions that govern their behaviour. Subatomic particles are the building blocks of the Universe and an understanding of the reactions between these particles is crucial in order to have an appreciation of how the Universe works, how it began, and how we came...

...solar system, such as Europa and Ganymede (moons of Jupiter) and Enceladus and Titan (Saturn), which may be habitable today. His work involves lab and field work to track how ocean chemistry and microorganisms can be delivered from the oceans to the icy surface. Team Mars [Dr. Susanne P. Schwenzer] Dr. Susanne P. Schwenzer Associate Director, AstrobiologyOU Susanne is a...