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...sand verbena (Abronia villosa) flower simultaneously. You might catch sight of insects such as beetles and locusts, and vertebrates including lizards and occasionally mammalian herbivores, such as gazelle, in African deserts and oryx in the Arabian desert. Hot deserts located 15°–25° north and south of the Equator have daytime sunshine all year round (Figure 1). The...

...sand grain) ocean-dwelling organisms called foraminifera. These organisms build their shells from calcium carbonate, soaking up the chemistry of the seawater surrounding them as they do this. The chemistry of the seawater that they lock into their shells can record the temperature of the seawater that they grew in and how fresh or salty the water was. At the end of their...

...sand storms, which blight Beijing and other cities. As part of the restoration project farmers were paid to keep their cattle off the hillsides. The results are astounding, the farmers now grow high value cash crops and the air is cleaner. Ethiopia's re-vegetation The land of Tigrai a village in Ethiopia has been degraded by centuries of subsistence farming. Eroded...