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...chemistry recently, the concepts may be relatively familiar and you may be able to read through this box quickly, or skip it completely. Box 2 Introducing chemical equations When chemists want to describe a chemical reaction in which one set of substances (the reactants) are transformed into another (the products), they usually do so by means of a chemical equation. The...

...chemistry, and chemistry is all about the interactions of the electrons of the atom, not the nuclei. The number of electrons in a neutral atom is always the same as the number of protons in its nucleus. You may be wondering what role neutrons play and you’ll find that out in the next section...Week 1: Into the atom: 1.1.1 Isotopes - So, the properties of a given element...

...chemistry to Volkswagen for this elegant method of ‘solving the problem of excessive automobile pollution emissions’. The effect on the ‘green credentials’ of diesel cars has been considerable with calls for them to be banned from many European cities. The scandal has seriously assisted the move from fossil fuelled to electric cars. Activity 3 Timing: 15 minutes A...

...chemistry, the ⇌ arrow represents a reversible reaction, meaning it can go in the right or the left direction. In this case, adding more CO2 will push the reaction to the right and generate more H+ and HCO3− ions. H+ ions decrease the pH of a solution (make it more acidic) whereas HCO3− ions increase the pH and make it more basic. The reversible nature of this...

...Chemistry, Quantum Physics and even banking and security! There will be interviews with several scientists along the way. But what about the cost of the ISS? Do you think that it is justified? Finally, could you be an astronaut or a scientist?! Transcript Enrolling on the course will give you the opportunity to earn an Open University digital badge. Badges are not...