Nature & Environment
Amazonian challenges: The loss of indigenous culture and identity
...change from between several million people (Hutchison et al., 2006) prior to the colonisation to between 180,000 and 350,000 people today (Pinheiro, 2004). Causes include the spreading of European and African diseases - to which native people had no immunity - alcohol consumption, proxy wars, slavery, displacements and removal (Burnett, 2002; Hemming, 1978; Whitehead,...