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...liquid or solid form. Instead, their clouds could be composed of silicate minerals, chemical compounds like aluminium oxide, or even metals, like iron. And just as clouds produce rain on Earth, clouds on hot Jupiters could produce some very exotic and unpleasant rain, perhaps even rain of molten metal. Inspired by this result, scientists decided to see if they could...

...liquid water and potentially even environments that might have been habitable to life. It has also shown that, although Mars today is dry and hostile, some water does still exist on the planet. Planetary Protection Finding evidence of life is one of the key objectives driving the scientific investigations of many of the current and future missions to Mars. However, it’s...

...solid rocks found in the county are dark volcanic rocks that were intruded into fractures in the Earth's crust around 60 million years ago. Extensive cave systems have developed in the limestones of which the Marble Arch Caves are best known. They developed at the end of the Ice Age when melt water dissolved away the stone. As it did so, it also precipitated out calcium...

...solid parts of our Earth and the rocks of which it is composed. Like any other science, geology has its own technical language to describe various phenomena. But language is much more than just the words that are used. It is about how the words interact with each other and come together to tell stories. And that is precisely what rocks do; they tell us stories about the...