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...work? [A human cell treated with a compound which induces autophagy] Figure 1: A human cell treated with a compound which induces autophagy. Autophagosomes are visible as small bright green speckles. The general mechanisms of autophagy are thought to be highly similar in all eukaryotic organisms. Defective cell components are engulfed by a membrane, which wraps around the...

...work would be needed to achieve this if planning starts now.” According to Moat, up to 60 per cent of the country‘s current production area could become unsuitable before the end of the century. Ethiopia, he says, is the world’s 5th largest coffee producer. The crop provides a quarter of export earnings, and approximately 15 million Ethiopians engage in coffee...

...working with the European Space Agency (ESA) to develop new instruments to prospect for lunar water. The first project is building for ESA a miniature science laboratory called ProSPA which will land near the south pole in 2024. Samples drilled from on and below the surface will be analysed in situ, and ProSPA will take close-up photos of these new, icy samples and use...