Science, Maths & Technology
Electroless plating
...energy for process. (Sulphuric acid and ammonium hydroxide added to control pH to 4.5–5.0). Manufacture: Production line consists of the following stages: alkaline soak or electroclean cold or warm water rinse acid pickle rinse electroless plate Additional pre-treatment is needed to produce a catalytic surface (Pd, Rh, Ag, Au, Ni, Fe, Co, Ru, Al) for plating copper,...