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...course, no “Gate of Ijtihad” to be closed, and nobody had the authority to close the gate even if one had existed. The metaphor, however, highlighted the contrast between the cultivation of diversity in the first three centuries of Sharia and the stalemate and rigidity of the study of Islamic law since then. The “silver lining” of ISIS is that it is forcing...

...course of that crime someone is murdered, the entire group can be convicted of murder regardless of who dealt the fatal blow. All that needs to be proven is that the individuals present foresaw that the murder might occur. Alexander, a social worker, had been out in West London when a confrontation between his friends and another group of youths turned violent. Though he...

...course” Clinton was qualified for the Oval Office. But the damage had been done to his squeaky-clean image. Finally, on April 15 Sanders flew to the Vatican to attend an international meeting on social justice. While there he met privately with Pope Francis, a meeting Sanders described as “extraordinary.” But the trip made no sense politically. In the closing days...

...course. In a report published by Oxfam just prior to the World Economic Forum in Davos in January, it was estimated that the eight richest individuals in the World (all men incidentally) were worth a total of $426bn (£350bn), equivalent to the wealth of 3.6 billion people. Bill Gates, for example, has personal wealth of $87 billion. Meanwhile, people in dire poverty have...

...and the hyper-partisan media were able to successfully amplify these messages. Of course, Labour didn’t win the 2017 election. But its impressive social media campaign will unquestionably influence other parties’ strategies and tactics in future elections. This article was originally published by the LSE British Politics & Policy blog under a CC-BY-NC-ND licence...

...course, the Brexit debate in Wales had no Welsh angle. The limited Welsh media dedicated relatively little time to the referendum, but even if they had, it wouldn’t have mattered, such is the dominance of English focused news media. The narrative was about ‘British wide’ issues such as immigration, security. The distinctiveness of the Welsh policy context and the...