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...sand 40 fresh snow 80–90 Using Table 1 how much solar energy would be available to heat up the snow surface? Fresh snow has an albedo of 80–90%. Assuming it is 80%, this means that only 100% – 80% = 20% is available to heat up the snow surface. Figure 8 shows an example of this. [Figure 8] Figure 8 An example of the effect of the albedo on the amount of energy...

...fan. When completely dry they were transferred to a larger pen. Sprats or in some cases sand-eels were used for food, often after initial force-feeding. Two batches of cleaned birds were brought the 200 miles to Slimbridge by lorry: 13 Guillemots Uria aalge and 4 Razorbills Alca torda on 28th March, and 75 Guillemots, 2 Razorbills and 3 Shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis on 2nd April. A single Razorbill, also a 'Torrey Canyon'......

...sand and gravel dredged from elsewhere (Figure 6). The aim is to create barriers to the erosive power of the waves on the shoreline. All around the estuary are earthen sea walls, often dating back to the Middle Ages, enabling grazing and later arable land to be reclaimed from the saltmarsh. In some places, especially close to human settlements, the walls have been...