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The mother of the American Athens
History & The Arts

The mother of the American Athens

...course, but at one place there was a large building brilliantly lighted, which from certain effects at the windows we decided to be a printing-office on the scale of those in and near our own Boston. What was our shame and grief the next morning to find it was a cigar factory, and to learn that cigar and cigarette making was almost the chief industry of the mother Boston....
Designing the Spanish nation
Languages

Designing the Spanish nation

...Free”) as well as the Pillars of Hercules that Charles I had incorporated to his imperial version of the arms. [Coat of arms of King Philip IV of Spain] Coat of arms of King Philip VI of Spain Today, the Royal arms stamped on the Spanish flag, replicates the representation of the Spanish old kingdoms (Castile, Leon, Aragon, Navarre, Granada) below the Royal crown. The...
Disraeli on Munich
History & The Arts

Disraeli on Munich

...free, and as flowing as the genius of the great Mæonian. The chamber of the throne is entirely adorned with white bas-reliefs, raised on a ground of dead gold; the subjects Pindaric; not inferior in many instances to the Attic remains, and characterised, at the same time, by a singular combination of vigour and grace. Another saloon is devoted to Æschylus, and the...
Should Trump's tweets be a matter of record?
History & The Arts

Should Trump's tweets be a matter of record?

...free democracy built on the public’s access to information. For your eyes only? Attempts to keep presidential records secret have typically revolved around whether the public should have access to records they have not previously seen. Because tweets are by their nature public, the typical objections around executive privilege seemingly wouldn’t apply here. Millions...
Will piloting juryless trials for rape cases in Scotland lead to a reduction in bias?
Society, Politics & Law

Will piloting juryless trials for rape cases in Scotland lead to a reduction in bias?

...free from by rape myths bias (Curley and Munro, 2023). Indeed, it could be contended that the criminal justice process during trial itself perpetuates rape myths, given the adversarial nature of the proceedings and the trial structure (Cowan, 2021). In order to sway juries, the adversarial process encourages lawyers to use psychological shorthand of rape mythology and set...
Behind the camera
History & The Arts

Behind the camera

...free of the censorious comments of official newsreel coverage. Other campaigning and pressure groups did the same, making films to advance their cause, whether it was religious, tee-total, anti-war, pro-strike or whatever. Pitted against the limited resources of these ‘outsiders’ were the limitless, official resources of the state, making film and videos as part of...
A history of child protection
Education & Development

A history of child protection

...free milk, and medical treatment brought about improvements in the physical health of children, and led to a sense of public satisfaction that children were being cared for. [Help me] Then the death of five year old Maria Colwell, murdered by her step father in 1973, despite being supposedly under the protection of the local authority, shocked the nation. It seemed the...
Planetary Protection: Space Governance and the Search for Life
Science, Maths & Technology

Planetary Protection: Space Governance and the Search for Life

...NASA Interim Directive: Biological Planetary Protection for Human Missions to Mars’, NID 8715.129, 9 July, P.1(a)(c) [Online]. Available at: https://nodis3.gsfc.nasa.gov/OPD_docs/NID_8715_129_.pdf American Space Commerce Free Enterprise Act (HR 2809, 115th Congress, 25 April 2018), §80103 (c)(2)(C)(D) [the bill passed the House of Representatives but not the Senate]...