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...course Why are nonhuman animals victims of harm? As that course shows, harmful uses of other animals tend to be justified by speciesism – the idea that other animals’ interests are subservient to those of humans – which is an idea that is embedded very deeply in society. Speciesism, and the role that veganism plays in challenging it, is outlined in a free OpenLearn...

...course of twenty four hours, but the key hormone seems to be melatonin. Its concentration rises in the evening, which makes us feel sleepy; in fact one can take synthetic melatonin as a sleeping tablet. In the morning the concentration falls, helped by light. When the eyes receive strong light (not artificial lighting) melatonin production is depressed via links with the...

...open the wrinkled, grey-tinged skin around her eyes. “Occhi aperti,” she says. Eyes open. This is the second night in three that Angelina has been deliberately deprived of sleep. For a person with bipolar disorder who has spent the past two years in a deep and crippling depression, it may sound like the last thing she needs, but Angelina – and the doctors treating...

...course of vaccinations after exposure. Others turn to herbs, spices or local remedies that have no effect. The World Health Organization (WHO) wants to eliminate rabies from the South-East Asia region by the year 2020. It is a goal that India is unlikely to meet, public health experts say. For one thing, the actual number of rabies deaths in the country may be far higher...