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Introduction to the calculus of variations
Science, Maths & Technology

Introduction to the calculus of variations

...simple problem – finding the shortest distance between two points in a plane. The section also introduces the notions of a functional and of a stationary path. Section 2 describes basic problems that can be formulated in terms of functionals. Section 3 looks at partial and total derivatives. Section 4 contains a derivation of the Euler-Lagrange equation. In Section 5...
How is the IPCC helping scientists talk about climate change?
Nature & Environment

How is the IPCC helping scientists talk about climate change?

...simple principles it suggests scientists take into consideration when talking about their work and research to a non-specialist audience. And although aimed at climate scientists, the advice holds good for any scientist looking to engage more widely. You can download the full handbook - and read more about the thinking behind it - at climateoutreach.org, the UK charity...
What is the difference between distributive and commutative justice: A one minute guide
History & The Arts

What is the difference between distributive and commutative justice: A one minute guide

...simple guide...Find out more about The Open University's Philosophy Courses and qualifications [Aristotle said there were two types of justice] [Distributive justice - how wealth work rights and so on are shared fairly within a community] [Commutative justice - members of a group are treated equally - for example, by the law] [But each society or group will have its own...
Carbon process: Photosynthesis
Science, Maths & Technology

Carbon process: Photosynthesis

...the tiny green structures called chloroplasts. These give leaves their colour, and capture light energy from the Sun. What happens next is a complex chain of reactions that can be summarised very simply. Water and carbon dioxide are converted, using the sun's energy, into simple sugars. The oxygen released in the reaction is now available for other organisms to respire....
Understanding tax avoidance
Money & Business

Understanding tax avoidance

...simple question: what is tax avoidance? In particular, how can we distinguish it from tax evasion? Tax avoidance is the legal use of the given system to minimise one’s taxes. It can include loopholes and tax haven. Companies who are avoiding taxes do so openly and legally. By contrast, tax evasion is the illicit attempt to not pay one’s taxes. While these concepts are...
Should the NHS have been better prepared for the cyber-highwaymen?
Science, Maths & Technology

Should the NHS have been better prepared for the cyber-highwaymen?

...codes of conduct are not put in place. Something as simple as bringing in a USB (thumb drive) from your home to transfer large files from one computer to another could have the same effect, if the USB has been infected. Modern anti-virus software and up-to-date operating systems can only do so much. It is therefore vital to invest more in cyber-security training for all...
How a new First Minister of Wales is appointed
Society, Politics & Law

How a new First Minister of Wales is appointed

...simple majority of support, this would normally be (and has always been) the leader of the largest political group in the Senedd, i.e. Labour. So, when the Llywydd invites nominations, name of the new leader of that party would be put forward. If that is the only name put forward, that person automatically becomes the Senedd’s nominee for the office of First Minister....
Build your personal brand
Education & Development

Build your personal brand

...of yourself. You’ll also learn quick, practical ways to talk about your brand, including a simple introduction technique you can use anytime. With a few tools, some honest reflection, and the support of others, you’ll build a brand that feels real, works for you, and grows with you. Start interactive [laptop with Build your personal brand interactive on the screen]...