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A brief history of the lens
Society, Politics & Law

A brief history of the lens

...law, now used in computer rendering of digital images. Artists have continued to experiment with depicting the world as realistically as possible, right up to hyperreal paintings. Today we associate cameras with photography, but the first cameras were boxes with lenses, designed to throw an image onto a flat surface in the form of a paper screen. These devices are called...
How Do Jurors Decide When a Witness is Telling the Truth?
Society, Politics & Law

How Do Jurors Decide When a Witness is Telling the Truth?

...Law courses. [A photograph of a lie detector.] In a criminal trial, one thing that jurors often have to do is listen to competing accounts of events given by witnesses and try and work out which witness is telling the truth. These judgments are called credibility judgments. They often arise in trials for sexual offences, where the defendant and the complainant agree that...
Is America better than this?
Society, Politics & Law

Is America better than this?

...law and order’ and vague notions of ‘socialism’ to deliberately sabotage normal political discourse. As Abraham Lincoln warned, "a house divided cannot stand".When Joe Biden is inaugurated as the 46th President two days after MLK day, he may well give a speech articulating his own dream of harmony, a desire to shift away from Trump’s American carnage. But this...
'A Rose By Any Other Name...': The Importance of Words when it comes to Race
Education & Development

'A Rose By Any Other Name...': The Importance of Words when it comes to Race

...Laws should protect people from racism – but just as surely as we should also be protected from murder and rape, we know that this goes on all the time. Overt racism is revolting, but covert racism is more damaging – using politically correct terms but failing to treat everyone as equal means that the power gap just widens over time. One way in which we can see this...
Katherine Johnson: NASA mathematician and much-needed role model
Science, Maths & Technology

Katherine Johnson: NASA mathematician and much-needed role model

...laws still enforced racial segregation and there was still much opposition to integration and equal rights for non-white US citizens. As such, she had to use the separate restrooms and eating facilities set aside for non-white staff. She was also a woman working in a man’s world, a world where most of the staff wore suit, shirt and tie and left for home each evening to...
Climate change – How awareness is prevented through media sanitation
Nature & Environment

Climate change – How awareness is prevented through media sanitation

...law enforcers and government officials. An additional problem with palm oil is that it's very difficult to avoid without meticulously checking the list of ingredients. An additional issue is that if palm oil was replaced, something else would take its place. Because of the scale of palm oil use, any replacement would likely lead to similar problems of monocultures,...
Female genital mutilation (FGM) Collection
Health, Sports & Psychology

Female genital mutilation (FGM) Collection

...law, the police, educators ranging from primary to higher education, commissioners and the public. FGM is an important global social justice and health issue situated within the umbrella terms of gender-based violence and persistent harmful practices. The practice is illegal in the UK and Ireland and in many other countries and is a gross violation of human rights. It is...
The history of female protest and suffrage in the UK
History & The Arts

The history of female protest and suffrage in the UK

...Law guardians. Nield Chew wrote pieces for the Crewe Chronicle in which she was concerned to direct attention to examples of the inadequate wage and the poor working conditions of a particular class of workers – tailoresses. However, she also developed another way of getting her message across: using the ‘true story’ style of writing...The history of female protest...