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...systems) and on the skin. [Described image] Figure 1 Microbiomes around the body Scientific research is increasingly showing the importance of these microbiomes for the correct functioning of the human body and for maintaining health. In fact, disruption to these microbiomes can lead to a number of long-term health conditions, such as cardiovascular and respiratory...

...systems for oversight and scrutiny are in place. Contribute to public awareness of risk. (Engineering Council, 2011, p. 2) Points 4 and 6 are often neglected, but are an important part of the engineer’s role. Without good communication of the risks, the public, politicians and regulators may prevent a low-risk project from taking place or allow a dangerous project to...

...system within 2 weeks. This is sterile immunity: the virus cannot be obtained from the patient after recovery from the disease. Figure 2 shows the typical time course of an acute flu infection. [Time course of flu infection.] Figure 2 Time course of a typical flu infection. Production of the virus (purple bar) starts early after infection and is maximal within two days....

...systems should allow the cavity to be filled rapidly. Vents and risers must be located in such a way that the unfilled portion of the casting cavity is at atmospheric pressure, to allow the gases formed in the initial stages to escape to atmosphere. Knock-out is easy, since removal of the vacuum allows the sand to flow out of the box. When casting cast iron, or other...

...system contains the workpiece on all sides, which eliminates the tensile stresses developed in conventional hot forging. The high rate of working leads to heat generation to compensate for radiation losses, so that multiple passes can be used to produce a forging in a single heat. This leads to substantial energy and labour savings compared with conventional forging....