Search

...article ] Manufacture: The process can be summarised as follows: A control system positions the print head above the position requiring material addition. Droplets of material are deposited from the print head onto the surface where required. As material is added and solidified drop by drop the first layer is created. Further layers are built up on top of previous layers...

...article] Only a small area of contact, reduces forging loads to only 10% of that of conventional forging at the end of the stroke. [Diagram to demonstrate 'Orbital forging' - see article] Best used for components with large-diameter flanges. [Diagram to demonstrate 'Orbital forging' - see article] Manufacture: Purpose-built machines are mainly intended for warm forging...

...article] Four-die system: [Diagram to demonstrate Axiforge process - see article] Horizontal axis mode Split dies are mounted on the base of the press and the main ram, with piercing punches carried on the horizontal rams. Top and bottom dies close first, then the side rams are actuated. [Diagram to demonstrate Axiforge process - see article] Manufacture: Axiforge or...

...article ] Backward extrusion In backward extrusion, metal is forced to flow in a direction opposite to the punch movement. Metal can also be forced to flow into recesses in the punch, as seen below. [Diagrams to demonstrate 'Cold forging' - see article ] The impact extrusion of collapsible tubes (e.g. toothpaste tubes): [Diagrams to demonstrate 'Cold forging' - see...

...article] Manufacture: Warm forging is used as an alternative process to cold forging, or is combined with cold forging. Usually applied for difficult-to-cold-forge materials such as alloy steels for induction hardening applications containing 0.4–0.5 wt% C. Requires accurate weight control of billets (±1 g). Billets are heated by induction heaters to temperatures of...

...article] Stretch-wrap forming Sheet is yielded while still flat. It is then wrapped around the form block on a rotating table. [Diagrams to demonstrate Stretch forming - see article] Manufacture: There are two main types of process; stretch forming and stretch-wrap forming. Stretch forming consists of placing a sheet of material over a form block. The ends of the sheet...

...article ] Manufacture: FDM is essentially a rapid prototyping technique that with careful control can be used to create functional parts. Consideration needs to be given to the following: Molten or semi-molten material is exposed to oxidising atmosphere (i.e. air). An inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon can be used to reduce oxidation and improve layer-to-layer...

...article] "Double-acting" die assembly The blank is produced in the same die. The outside punch acts as a blank holder. [Diagrams to demonstrate 'Deep drawing' - see article] Manufacture: Drawing is a process of forming flat sheet blanks into hollow shapes by means of a punch that causes the metal to be formed into the die cavity. If the depth is one or more times the...