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...techniques they use and give insight into what they hope to achieve. This material forms part of The Open University course S204 Biology: uniformity and diversity... Investigating bacterial communication A short introduction to this album. Discovering bacterial communication With antibiotic resistant bacteria constantly emerging, scientists are trying to find new types of...

...technique called SONAR (SOund Navigation And Ranging) revolutionised the investigation of the oceans' depths. Originally developed for hunting submarines, in sonar a ship sends out a pulse of sound (a 'ping'), which is reflected by the target and the reflected sound wave is detected. It was soon realised that if they were 'loud' enough the underwater pings could detect...

...techniques to be hot worked >0.6 Tm. Aluminium alloys can be produced, e.g. Al-4%Cu alloy, as can new compositions and rapidly solidified materials. Alloy steels and stainless steels are preformed on the Osprey Process. Cu-10%Sn bronze preforms with grain sizes of <0.0015 mm can be hot worked without cracking. Heat treatment times for homogenisation are substantially...

...techniques for proving inequalities. Section 4 introduces the concept of a least upper bound. Section 5 looks at how least upper bounds can be used to define arithmetic operations on the set of real numbers...This free course is an introduction to analysis which looks at real numbers and their properties, with a particular emphasis on inequalities. Section 1 starts by...