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Cold forging
Science, Maths & Technology

Cold forging

...careful control of the billet weight to within ±1%. Billets are either sawn or cropped to length. Cropped billets might require coining to eliminate crop and distortion. Before cold forging, billets have to be in their softest condition (fully annealed) and lubricated to prevent galling of the dies. Semi-continuous mesh belt furnaces with controlled atmospheres are used...
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Article 5 mins
Olde dessert recipes
History & The Arts

Olde dessert recipes

...careful not to allow the milk to boil, or the bottom of the pan to burn. Leave to cool. When the cream has cooled down to 37ºC/99°F, remove the spices and put into a shallow glass bowl. Quickly stir in the rennet essence and leave in a cool place to set. Lemon syllabub Adapted from The Experienced English Housekeeper, Elizabeth Raffald (London 1769) This is a type of...
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Soil as the book of nature
Nature & Environment

Soil as the book of nature

...care for soils? Knowledge of the soil's physical, chemical and biological make-up is important for various disciplines. For example, nutrient levels are important for crop production, soil shear strength is crucial for engineering construction, and its structure could also be a deciding factor for football pitches! It also has more exotic uses, such as a beauty accessory...
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Article 5 mins
Perilous past-time of poison
Health, Sports & Psychology

Perilous past-time of poison

...caring doctor alleviating pain? But greed got in the way and it was only when victims’ wills had been changed in Shipman’s favour that questions started to be asked. Shipman never did confess to murder and committed suicide in prison in 2004, after his conviction for the murders of just 15 of his victims. As a result of the Shipman case, wide-ranging legislation was...
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Article 5 mins
Electrochemical Grinding (ECG)
Science, Maths & Technology

Electrochemical Grinding (ECG)

...careful control of operating conditions. Outside corner radii of 0.025 mm are possible, although inner corner radii are limited to 0.25–0.4 mm due to “overcut” during electrochemical reaction. Accuracies are typically ±0.025 mm on a one-pass cut, but ±0.005 mm can be achieved on the final pass without the use of electrolyte. See Also: Electrochemical machining and...
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Article 5 mins
Photochemical Machining (Photo-fabrication; Chemical milling)
Science, Maths & Technology

Photochemical Machining (Photo-fabrication; Chemical milling)

...careful design of photo-masters, but can be an advantage as it reduces stress concentrations. Surface finish depends largely on the surface of the initial material, but is typically in the range Ra = 1.6–6.3 μm. Surfaces show the grain structure of the metal, due to attack by the etchant. Dimensions and tolerances depend on material, thickness and design of the...
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Article 5 mins
Why getting active with children is good for parents too
Health, Sports & Psychology

Why getting active with children is good for parents too

...R. A., Morgan, K., Rapport, F., Lyons, R. A. & Brophy, S. (2020) ‘Parent recommendations to support physical activity for families with young children: Results of interviews in deprived and affluent communities in South Wales (United Kingdom)’, Health expectations: an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy, 23(2), pp. 284–295....
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Article 5 mins
Sustainable Design – Innovative design techniques
Money & Business

Sustainable Design – Innovative design techniques

...careful to make sure that these did not contain load-bearing seams. As all of the fibers used were natural, biodegradable and renewable. Industrial composting would be an environmentally friendly option at the end of the functional life of the garment, providing that all synthetic elements (clip fastenings) were removed. For this reason, I needed to incorporate complete...
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Article 5 mins