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...energy on trying to stay well. The late nineteenth century saw a new emphasis on promoting health, which was defined as ‘a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’ (quoted in Riley, 1997, p. 199). Health was not simply a desirable end in itself. The pursuit of health was portrayed as a moral duty:...

...energy, and take appropriate action, but it would never feel real pain or hunger. It might act like us, but it would be dead inside, without any of the conscious experience that accompanies our activities. Life without consciousness would not be life at all as we know it. Indeed, the philosopher Colin McGinn (b. 1950) suggests that the emergence of consciousness was an...