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Explainer: Einstein's Theory of General Relativity
Science, Maths & Technology

Explainer: Einstein's Theory of General Relativity

...system in which acceleration can be due to either gravity or changes in velocity? It seems to depend on how you are looking at it. That led to the idea of a “reference frame” – the stage on which the objects you are looking at play out their roles. There may of course be other frames in which the objects appear to behave differently, so we need a description of all...
The hostile environment for immigrants is drawn from a well of taken-for-granted assumptions
Society, Politics & Law

The hostile environment for immigrants is drawn from a well of taken-for-granted assumptions

...system to take account of the diversity of the population it ostensibly serves. The hostile environment to immigration is only one of a series of hostile environments established by the current Government. The disabled, single parents, unemployed, those who rely on benefits have all been treated, in one way or another, to versions of the hostile environment. The Ken Loach...
The unique relationship between the fig and the fig wasp
Nature & Environment

The unique relationship between the fig and the fig wasp

...systems where changes in one small thing can have knock-on effects to many othersEverything is connected to everything else. That’s one of the themes that runs through A Perfect Planet. The Earth is a set of interconnected systems where changes in one small thing can have knock-on effects to many others. One of the stories in the series is about tropical fig trees, the...
International health service: How the NHS has always relied on overseas labour
Society, Politics & Law

International health service: How the NHS has always relied on overseas labour

...system introduced 1971 Vouchers abolished; work permit system introduced 1985 Four-year permit-free training scheme introduced 1997 Nature of training available to non-EU migrants altered. Training typically takes five years, but all training posts had shorter stay periods 2006 Non-EU migration virtually closed Immigration and EU workers key dates Year What happened?...
Depression, mood and exercise
Health, Sports & Psychology

Depression, mood and exercise

...system as the accumulation of drugs (due to slow kidney and liver function – due to dehydration and no exercise) leads to harmful drugs interactions. This negatively influences our muscle function and neural system functions and is toxic. It further increases our sedation, we feel weaker, dizzier, wobblier and have more violent mood swings, headaches, drowsiness and...
Planetary Protection of Mars
Science, Maths & Technology

Planetary Protection of Mars

...System bodies from contamination by Earth life and protecting Earth from possible life forms that may be returned from other Solar System bodies.​ Approaches to this taken by space agencies and mission teams have changed over the 60 years of Mars exploration and will continue to adapt to new scientific understanding of the planet and of life itself. However, the central...
What do we need to know about our memory?
Health, Sports & Psychology

What do we need to know about our memory?

...systems. Pathological ageing is being often referred to as speeded-up ageing, where due to some missing components (self-repair functions, quickly advancing changes in neurotransmitters and neurones; significantly increased presence of plaques and tangles in the brain; or chronic inflammations) the decline of our brain progresses faster when compared to physiological...
The Open University's Carbon Calculator
Nature & Environment

The Open University's Carbon Calculator

...system, some other sectors and embedded in imports have fallen as the UK and other countries attempt to move towards net zero. According to official statistics, by 2019 total UK consumption-based emissions were 774 million tonnes CO2e (Figure 1) meaning that the average carbon footprint was about 11.6 tonnes CO2e/person/year. By 2022 the average footprint is estimated to...