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...et al., 2013). Ironically, many REE are used for so-called ‘cleantech’ applications such as renewable energy or green transportation, moving us away from an economy driven by energy with a high carbon footprint, and because of this they are thought of as green. However, we have seen in this section that current REE production is a big environmental pollutant, but with...

...axes of the four previously-known small moons point in various directions and that their rotation periods are much shorter than their orbital periods (so these are not in synchronous rotation, unlike Charon). Here are views of Nix and Hydra shown at similar scales. [Described image] Figure 63 Nix (left), 42 km long and Hydra (right), 55 km long. The colour on Nix has been...

...monomer is [Figure 39] Figure 39 and being a small molecule, has a very low viscosity (Et is the abbreviation for the ethyl group −C2H5). This is an important property for adhesion, because it means that the liquid when applied to the broken pot will penetrate even the finest cracks in the fractured surfaces. Such surfaces will normally already be very slightly wet with water from the atmosphere (a monomolecular film is ......