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...et al., 2015). The rapid advancement and acceptance of computer technology in everyday life, together with a gap in clinical services, has led to “the rise of e-therapies” (Stasiak et al., 2015, p. 2), such that computerised cognitive behavioural therapy (a type of computerised/e-therapy) has been recommended by the National Institute for Health and Clinical...

...et al 2012). Of these hospital admissions the prevalence of pain is high, ranging from 59% to 94% (Kozlowski et al 2014; Linhares et al 2012) and of that number between 27% and 40% of them experience moderate to severe pain (Groenewald et al 2012). Jenkins et al (2019) who explored how to reduce the experience of pain in the immediate postoperative period, states that...

...et al. (1981) as an alternative to the stressful major life events inventories because it has been recognised that hassles are irritating, frustrating demands that occur during everyday transactions with the environment, which can build up as accumulative stressors (Holm and Holroyd, 1992). These include 117 items about health, health of a family member, losing things,...