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...works, or proposing a new universal phonetic alphabet, Young was experimenting with the diffraction of light by narrow apertures and the interference of light due to reflection by thin films. His observations of coloured fringes in these experiments demonstrated that light must travel from place to place in the form of a wave, and the different colours comprising white...

...work, many people have registered differences in behaviour in a wide range of species, which we cannot attribute to these two factors. For example, the detailed genetic work of Michael Kruetzen and his team has helped to dispel the “hardwiring” argument for tool use in dolphins. Cultural differences are something we pick up from others and pass on, it is a social...

...work on which to draw when estimating the level of support for the various political parties. They still make mistakes, as was evident last year, but at least they can learn from them. In a one-off referendum they have no previous experience on which to draw — and there is certainly no guarantee that what has worked in a general election will prove effective in what is...