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...et al. (2008, p.5) define mental health and wellness as the absence of mental illness, such as depression, and the ability to cope with daily challenges in a positive, optimistic and constructive manner. Using this definition there are potentially two ways in which exercise can benefit mental health. First, exercise can prevent or reduce the extent of mental illnesses...

...et al., 2008; note that ‘et al.’ indicates that there were several other authors) Less than 40 years before this woefully optimistic claim, at least 20 million people had died in 1918–19 from influenza, most of them young adults in the UK, USA and Europe. Public health officials in the USA in the 1940s were actively campaigning to halt the spread of tuberculosis...